Der Streit Der FakultÜtenIt is in the interest of the totalitarian state that subjects not think for themselves, much less confer about their thinking. Writing under the hostile watch of the Prussian censorship, Immanuel Kant dared to argue the need for open argument, in the university if nowhere else. In this heroic criticism of repression, first published in 1798, he anticipated the crises that endanger the free expression of ideas in the name of national policy. Composed of three sections written at different times, The Conflict of the Faculties dwells on the eternal combat between the "lower" faculty of philosophy, which is answerable only to individual reason, and the faculties of theology, law, and medicine, which get "higher" precedence in the world of affairs and whose teachings and practices are of interest to the government. Kant makes clear, for example, the close alliance between the theological faculty and the government that sanctions its teachings and can resort to force and censorship. All the more vital and precious, then, the faculty of philosophy, which encourages independent thought before action. The first section, "The Conflict of the Philosophy Faculty with the Theology Faculty," is essentially a vindication of the right of the philosophical faculty to freedom of expression. In the other sections the philosopher takes a long and penetrating look at medicine and law, the one preserving the physical "temple" and the other regulating its actions. |
Contents
Errata | vii |
Introduction | 23 |
The Concept and Division of the Higher Faculties | 31 |
The Concept and Division of the Lower Faculty | 43 |
On the Legal Conflict of the Higher Faculties with | 53 |
Outcome | 59 |
Philosophical Principles of Scriptural Exegesis for Settling | 65 |
Objections concerning the Principles of Scriptural Exegesis along | 79 |
Conclusion of Peace and Settlement of the Conflict of the Faculties | 111 |
Historical Questions about the Bible Concerning | 125 |
Is the Human Race Constantly | 141 |
Conclusion | 169 |
Conclusion | 205 |
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Common terms and phrases
Absicht allein aller andere Ansehung auch Begriffe Bibel Bible biblical theologian biblische blos bloß bringen Buch Christenthum Conflict daher darf daß denen der Vernunft deren diese dieser divine doctrine dogma durch eben ecclesiastical faith eigenen eigentlich einander Einfluß einmal Endzweck Erfahrung Facultät Facultäten findet Freiheit für geben Gefühl Gelehrten Glaube Glauben gleich Gott göttliche Grunde Guten habe halten higher faculties human hypochondria irgend Jahr jezt Kant Kant's Kirchenglauben können könnte lange laſſen läßt Leben Lehren lich lower faculty machen macht Mensch Menschen mithin moral moralische moralischen muß nature obern Facultäten Offenbarung öffentlich Pflicht philosophische principle pure reason Recht Regierung religion religious Schrift Scriptures sects sein selbst soll sollen sondern Staat statutes Streit supernatural teachings theils Theology Faculty thun überhaupt übernatürliche unserer Ursache Vermögen Vernunft Verstand viel Volk Vortrage Wahrheit Welt werde Wesen Willen Wirkung wohl würde Zeit zugleich Zweck