The Laws of Thermodynamics: A Very Short IntroductionFrom the sudden expansion of a cloud of gas or the cooling of a hot metal, to the unfolding of a thought in our minds and even the course of life itself, everything is governed by the four Laws of Thermodynamics. These laws specify the nature of 'energy' and 'temperature', and are soon revealed to reach out and define the arrow of time itself: why things change and why death must come. In this Very Short Introduction Peter Atkins explains the basis and deeper implications of each law, highlighting their relevance in everyday examples. Using the minimum of mathematics, he introduces concepts such as entropy, free energy, and to the brink and beyond of the absolute zero temperature. These are not merely abstract ideas: they govern our lives. In this concise and compelling introduction Atkins paints a lucid picture of the four elegant laws that, between them, drive the Universe. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. |
Contents
The conservation of energy | |
The increase in entropy | |
The availability of work | |
The unattainability of zero | |
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The Laws of Thermodynamics: A Very Short Introduction Peter William Atkins No preview available - 2010 |
Common terms and phrases
absolute zero achieve actual adiabatic amount atoms become body calculate called change in entropy Chapter Clausius close cold sink concept constant cool corresponding decrease definition difference direction disorder distribution drive efficiency electric electrons energy levels enthalpy entropy equilibrium expansion expression falls Figure flow Gibbs energy given greater heat capacity heat engine higher implies important increase increase in entropy instance internal internal energy interpretation introduce John Kelvin less liquid lower means measure mechanical molecular molecules motion move nature negative temperature object observations occurs piston populations positive possible pressure quantity quantum mechanics raised reach reaction refrigerator released result reversible sample scale second law sense short solid spontaneous statement steam substance Suppose surroundings takes temperature thermodynamics third law transfer turns understanding universe volume weight zeroth law