Cognitive Models of MemoryMartin A. Conway Because memory enters into virtually all cognition, it is impossible to design cognitive models that view memory as a self-contained cognitive faculty. Instead, memory researchers focus on specific aspects of memory. Taking this regional approach to memory, the chapters of this volume evaluate models of the short-term retention of knowledge, conceptual knowledge, autobiographical knowledge, transitory mental representations, the neurobiological basis of memory, and age-related changes in human memory. At the center of each chapter is a concern with the problem of representation--how the mind represents reality and, in the case of memory, how experience is represented, retained, and reconstructed. The authors evaluate the models against empirical findings and against current knowledge about brain function and architecture. They also address the relationship between formal and nonformal models of human memory. |
Contents
References | 8 |
Influences on shortterm memory performance | 14 |
A network model of the phonological loop | 25 |
A trace decay model | 32 |
a review | 47 |
Models of serial order | 58 |
Conclusion | 74 |
Psychological representation of concepts | 81 |
When situation models are not used | 197 |
Limitations of our situation model view | 207 |
Representations of autobiographical memories | 217 |
The relationship between prospective and retrospective | 247 |
When RM is impaired what happens to PR? | 254 |
Contextsetting in PR as an application of controldriven | 263 |
Acknowledgement | 272 |
Neuropsychological data | 279 |
The exemplar view | 94 |
Conclusions | 105 |
Representation of categories and concepts | 111 |
Evidence for instance memorization | 117 |
Connectionist models | 127 |
Concept learning | 136 |
Conclusions | 142 |
Representing information in mental models | 149 |
Mental models and reasoning | 162 |
Concluding remarks | 169 |
Effects of situation model structure on retrieval | 181 |
Memory retrieval from fixed situation model structures | 188 |
The simulations | 288 |
Local simulations | 294 |
Whole system | 302 |
Future directions | 308 |
Memory aging as frontal lobe dysfunction | 315 |
Discussion | 329 |
Conclusion | 335 |
Constraint satisfaction models and their relevance | 341 |
Simulated annealing | 347 |
Conclusion | 362 |