Prosecuting Heads of StateEllen L. Lutz, Caitlin Reiger Since 1990, 65 former heads of state or government have been legitimately prosecuted for serious human rights or financial crimes. Many of these leaders were brought to trial in reasonably free and fair judicial processes, and some served time in prison as a result. This book explores the reasons for the meteoric rise in trials of senior leaders and the motivations, public dramas, and intrigues that accompanied efforts to bring them to justice. Drawing on an analysis of the 65 cases, the book examines the emergence of regional trends in Europe and Latin America and contains case studies of high-profile trials of former government leaders: Augusto Pinochet (Chile), Alberto Fujimori (Peru), Slobodan Milosevic (former Yugoslavia), Charles Taylor (Liberia and Sierra Leone), and Saddam Hussein (Iraq) – studies written by experts who closely followed their cases and their impacts on wider societies. This is the only book that examines the rise in the number of domestic and international trials globally and tells the tales in readable prose and with fascinating details. |
Contents
1 Introduction | 1 |
2 Prosecutions of Heads of State in Europe | 25 |
3 Prosecutions of Heads of State in Latin America | 46 |
4 The Multiple Prosecutions of Augusto Pinochet | 77 |
The Indictment of Alberto Fujimori | 95 |
How the Philippines Leading Man Became Its Most Famous Prisoner | 111 |
The Trials of Frederick Chiluba | 130 |
Rwandas First Postgenocide President on Trial | 151 |
9 Justice Squandered? The Trial of Slobodan Milosevic | 176 |
Charles Taylor and the Special Court for Sierra Leone | 205 |
The Dujail Trial of Saddam Hussein | 233 |
12 Conclusion | 275 |
List of Prosecutions of Heads of State or Government January 1990 to June 2008 | 295 |
305 | |
309 | |
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accountability accused alleged amnesty laws April Argentina Available Bizimungu Bosnia and Herzegovina campaign charges Charles Taylor Chile Chiluba civil Commission convicted corruption Court for Sierra crimes against humanity crimes committed death December decision defense democratic domestic Dujail Dujail trial elections Estrada ethnic evidence execution extradition financial crimes former head former Yugoslavia Fujimori Garcıa genocide house arrest human rights crimes human rights violations Human Rights Watch Hutu Ibid ICTY immunity indicted International Criminal international law investigations Iraq Iraqi judges judicial judiciary jurisdiction Kagame Kosovo Latin America lawyers leaders Liberia Marcos military minister Mwanawasa officials party Pasteur Bizimungu Philippines Pinochet political president prison proceedings prosecution prosecutor regime region responsible rule Rwanda Saddam Hussein Security Council sentenced Serbia Sierra Leone Slobodan Miloševi´c Spanish Special Court statute Supreme Court torture Transitional Justice Trial Chamber tribunal’s Tutsi United victims war crimes witnesses Yugoslav Zambia