The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence

Abdal'aziz Abu Bakr Abu Hanifa Abū Yusuf analogy ancient Iraqians ancient schools argument ascribed Āthār Athar A.Y. Athar Shaib authentic Auzā'i Bāb Caliph classical collections Comm consensus decision divorce expressed favour Goldziher Ḥammad ibid Ibn Abbās Ibn Abi Lailā Ibn Mas'ud Ibn Musaiyib Ibn Qutaiba Ibn Umar Ibrahim Nakha'i ijtihād Iraq Iraqian doctrine Islam isnād istiḥsān Koran Kufa Kufian Laila later legal doctrine legal maxim legal traditions living tradition Mālik Medina Medinese doctrine Muḥammad Muhammadan jurisprudence Muhammadan law mursal Muslims Nafi opinion opponents practice projected back Prophet Qāsim qiyās quoted ra'y Rabi'a reference regard reject Sarakhsi scholars schools of law second century A.H. Sha'bi Shafi'i Shaibānī shows Shuraiḥ spurious Successors sunna systematic reasoning Tabari technical legal thought tion tradition from Ibn tradition from Umar traditionists traditions from Companions Umaiyad Uthman VIII weregeld Yūsuf Zuhri Zurqāni