The Viol: History of an Instrument

17th century Alfonso Alfonso Ferrabosco bass viol belly bowed instrument bridge cello chest of viols chordal chords Christopher Simpson Colichon composers compositions consort music consort of viols construction Danoville Demachy diminutions Division Viol early music England English viols ensemble example fantasia Ferrabosco fifth finger fingerboard flutes Forqueray France French viol frog Ganassi Gerle German gut strings hand harpsichord Ibid Illustration instru Italy Johann keyboard instruments Lescat & Arroman lute lyra viol Mace makers Marais Marin Marais Maugars meantone temperament ments Mersenne modern musicians neck North octave old instruments old viols open string organ original ornaments Ortiz pardessus piece pitch playing polyphonic position practice Praetorius qu'il Renaissance viols Rognoni Rousseau Sainte Colombe solo sound soundpost sources string length technique tenor viol tension Thomas Mace Tielke treble viol tuning varnish viol consort viol music viol players viola bastarda Viola da Gamba violists violoncello virtuoso whilst wood