Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants

adults age-specific aggregated amensalism amongst animals ants aphids Balanus behaviour biomass birth breeding coefficient coexistence competing competitive exclusion competitors Conyza canadensis curve Daphnia decrease density-dependent diapause distribution dynamics ecology effects of intraspecific eggs environment equation equilibrium examined example experimental exploitation extinction factors fatua favoured fecundity fitness fluctuations foraging functional response germination grass growth habitat handling-time Harper harvesting Hassell herbivore herbivore density host illustrated in Fig important increase individuals insects instance interaction intraspecific competition K-selecting K₁ larvae lation leaf life-history life-table matrix mixture monoculture monophagous Moreover mortality mortality-rate N₁ nitrogen parasites parasitoids patches patterns of abundance plants plots Poa annua polyphagous popu population population density Population Ecology predation-rate predator-prey predators predict prey density prey item produced proportion range realized niches reduced relative reproductive-rate resource rodents Section seedlings slope species stable strategies survival survivorship survivorship curve Table thrip tion yield