English Local Prisons, 1860-1900: Next Only to DeathThe local prisons of the latter half of the nineteenth century refined systems of punishment so harsh that one judge considered the maximum penalty of two years local imprisonment to be the most severe punishment known to English law: "next only to death". This work examines how private perceptions and concerns became public policy. It also traces the move in English government from the rural and aristocratic to the urban and more democratic. It follows the rise of the powerful elite of the higher civil service, describes some of the forces that attempted to oppose it, and provides a window through which to view the process of state formation. |
Contents
EARL OF CARNARVON | 21 |
A PROPHET IN HIS OWN COUNTY | 64 |
CARNARVON AND NATIONAL PENAL POLICY | 97 |
TABLES | 115 |
THE SOCIAL AND PENAL IDEAS OF SIR EDMUND | 149 |
THE FLAWED PROSPECTUS | 188 |
ENFORCING UNIFORMITY | 235 |
ENFORCING UNIFORMITY | 282 |
THE JUSTICES REACT TO NATIONALIZATION | 432 |
THE COMMITTEES ATTEMPT TO ORGANIZE | 481 |
TRIUMPH OF THE CLERKS | 509 |
THE CALL FOR A PRISON INQUIRY | 549 |
PERSONALITIES AND PREOCCUPATIONS | 585 |
COMPOUNDING ERRORS | 615 |
AFTERMATH | 649 |
THE FINAL ACT | 697 |
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Common terms and phrases
administration aid societies allowed appointed Asquith authority BM Add Cane Papers Cane's Carnarvon Committee Carnarvon Papers cells chaplain civil cols committed Committee on Prison Committee's Convict Prisons crank crime criminal Crofton Departmental Committee deterrent diet dietary Directors of Convict discharged prisoners Du Cane duties effect Evelyn Ruggles-Brise February gaol Gladstone Committee Gladstone's governor Grey Hansard Harcourt hard labour Herbert Gladstone Home Office Home Secretary Howard Association Ibid imprisonment inquiry Inspectors instruction interest issue Legge London Lord Lushington magistrates mat-making matter medical officer Minutes of Evidence months moral nationalization offenders Parliament penal labour penal servitude persons political powers Prison Conference prison discipline prison labour proposed punishment Quarter Sessions recommendations reform reformatory remand Ruggles-Brise rules sentence social staff treadwheel Vict Viscount Gladstone Viscount Gladstone Papers visiting committee visiting justices warders William Winchester workhouse Wormwood Scrubs