Climate Development and History of the North Atlantic RealmGerold Wefer The global environment is changing rapidly under the impact of human activities, and an important element of this change is related to global c1imate modification. Can the study of c1imate and history help in devising strategies for coping with this change? What might be the type of information most useful in this context? What are the pitfalls awaiting the unwary? These are the kinds of questions that led us to bring together experts from the natural and social sci ences with a strong interest in history, to promote discussion between workers in different disciplines by focussing on a common topic of great interest to society. The meeting was arranged in the framework of a "Hanse Conference" within the interdisciplinary program of the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg, a foundation set up to promote interdisciplinary studies in collaboration between the universities ofBremen and Oldenburg. The aim ofthe Hanse Conferences in general is to provide opportunities for experts from different fields of the sciences and humanities to come together and explore the larger framework oftopics of common interest. What unites the partici pants is their desire to look over the fence to neighboring disciplines. Young colleagues who wish to build an interdisciplinary career are particularly welcome. In the Hanse Conference on Climate and History, we have endeavoured to build bridges between the c1imate sciences and the sociological sciences concemed with environmental impacts on human activities. The geological sciences, we feIt, are especially well suited to the purpose because they al ready comprise historical aspects. |
Contents
Climate History and the Great Geophysical Experiment | 1 |
Towards a History of Ideas on Anthropogenic Climate Change | 17 |
An ObservationBased Overview | 25 |
1 Climate Records from the NorthAtlantic Realm | 41 |
2 Internal and Forced Oscillations as Possible Causes | 55 |
Solar Forcing of Climate Change in Recent Millennia | 75 |
Sverdrups Conjecture and the Bermuda Coral Record | 89 |
Orbit Sun and Moon | 101 |
Climatic Implications and the Human Dimension | 257 |
Landscape Development and Occupation History Along the Southern North Sea Coast | 297 |
Climatic Change in Northern Europe Over the Last Two Thousand Years and its Possible Influence on Human Activity | 311 |
The Impact of Past Climate on Living Standards | 325 |
A Survey | 337 |
Patterns of Climate in Central Europe Since Viking Times | 353 |
On the Holocene Water Balance in Central Europe and Several Historical Consequences | 367 |
Uncertainties in Reconstructing Cause and Effect in Prehistory | 375 |
The Search for Climate Dynamics on Decadal to Millennial Time Scales | 125 |
Greenland Northern Europe | 149 |
Holocene Climate Evolution of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Nordic Seas a Synthesis of New Results | 165 |
Holocene Climatic History of Northern Europe the Evidence from Lake Deposits | 175 |
Climate Changes During the Holocene Recorded by Lakes from Europe | 191 |
The PostGlacial Evolution of the Baltic Sea | 205 |
Possible Influences Upon Human Activity | 223 |
Late Glacial and Holocene Glacier Fluctuations and Climatic Variations in Southern Norway | 232 |
The Pleistocene and Holocene Development of the Southeastern North Sea Basin and Adjacent Coastal Areas | 385 |
Effects of Climate and Human Interventions on the Evolution of the Wadden Sea Depositional System Southern North Sea | 397 |
Historic Storms in the North Sea Area an Assessment of the Storm Data the Present Position of Research and the Prospects for Future Research | 413 |
433 | |
Changes in Coastal Zone Ecosystems | 445 |
455 | |
Climate and Human Induced Impacts on the Coastal Zone of the Southern North Sea | 471 |
Other editions - View all
Climate Development and History of the North Atlantic Realm Gerold Wefer,Wolfgang H. Berger,Karl-Ernst Behre No preview available - 2014 |
Climate Development and History of the North Atlantic Realm Gerold Wefer,Wolfgang H. Berger,Karl-Ernst Behre,Eystein Jansen No preview available - 2010 |
Common terms and phrases
14C yr BP anomalies atmospheric Baltic Sea barrier islands basin Berger Bohuslän caused Central Europe century chronology circulation climate change climate system climate variability coast coastal cold cooling correlation cycle dated decadal deglaciation deposits ecosystems effects environmental eruptions evidence feedback fish fisheries fluctuations forcing glacial glacier global Greenland ice Hardangerjøkulen Holocene Holocene climate human ice cores Iceland impact increase indicate isotope Karlén ky BP lake layers Little Ice Age malaria marine maximum Medieval Warm Period meridional natural Nesje North Atlantic Oscillation North Sea northern Europe Norway ocean patterns peat Pfister phase pollen population precipitation present proxy radiocarbon reconstruction records region salinity scale sea ice sea-level rise seasonal sediments solar activity southern North Sea species storm surges Stuiver summer sunspot tidal tion tree-ring trend variations varve volcanic Wadden Sea western wind winter Younger Dryas