Semantics and Necessary Truth: An Inquiry Into the Foundations of Analytic Philosophy

analytic philosophy analytic proposition analytic truth analytic-synthetic distinction apply argument arithmetic assertion atomic axioms believes blue C. I. Lewis Carnap Chap circular color concept condition containing context contingent propositions contradiction criteria of adequacy criterion deduction definiens denied distinction empiricist evidence explicandum explication explicit definition extensional fact factual false follows formal entailment function given Hume identity implication inference interpretation intuitive Kant Kant's knowledge language latter Leibniz logical constants logical truth logically equivalent logically possible meaning ment metalanguage modal necessary proposition necessary truth not-p object open concepts ostensive definition P₁ paradox of analysis philosophers physical postulates pragmatic predicate presupposes primitive principle priori truth proposition expressed question R-sentences reason reduction sentences relation relevant rules self-contradictory semantic sense simple statement straight line strictly analytic substitution suppose surely synonymous synthetic a priori synthetic propositions tautology theorem thesis tion true truth-value usage valid variables word