Edward Frankland: Chemistry, Controversy and Conspiracy in Victorian EnglandToday a certain obscurity of reputation stems from the conspiracy of silence surrounding Frankland's origins: he was the illegitimate son of a distinguished lawyer. Frankland never gave interviews and posterity has had to guess about many of his activities. Recently, however, Professor Russell has gained access to a vast collection of his private papers, and has discovered several other major deposits, making the Frankland archive one of the largest collections of scientific papers to come to light in Britain this century. These have been fully examined in this new study which discloses, amongst much else, webs of conspiracy in the scientific community that demand a radical revision of the social history of Victorian science. Russell's authoritative and lively account of Frankland's achievements will be of great interest not only to professional chemists and historians of science, but also to general readers concerned with the social fabric of Victorian England. |
Contents
LANCASTRIAN INHERITANCE | 1 |
2 The Lancaster of Edward Frankland | 9 |
3 Journey to London | 13 |
THE ROAD TO DISCOVERY | 20 |
2 The hunt for radicals | 25 |
3 Cirencester | 28 |
4 Discovery at Marburg | 30 |
QUEENWOOD | 38 |
23 Formal scientific institutions | 235 |
ADVANCES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY | 245 |
2 Further developments in organometallic chemistry | 249 |
3 The lactic acids and questions of structure | 254 |
4 Unsaturated acids and problems of reactivity | 259 |
5 Acetoacetic ester and its reactions | 262 |
6 The theory of structure | 270 |
THE COMMUNICATION OF CHEMISTRY | 281 |
2 Pioneers in science education | 42 |
3 Disharmony Hall | 54 |
NEW WORLDS IN GERMANY | 68 |
2 Research in Bunsens laboratory | 73 |
3 Interlude in Giessen | 80 |
4 Sophie | 83 |
FUNDAMENTAL DISCOVERIES IN CHEMISTRY | 95 |
2 The foundation of organometallic chemistry | 101 |
3 Foundations of the theory of valency | 108 |
FRANKLAND AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF VALENCY | 118 |
12 Tetravalent carbon atoms | 121 |
13 Chemical bonds | 128 |
2 A prophet without honour? | 129 |
21 The ambivalent role of organometallic chemistry | 131 |
22 Radicals v types | 132 |
22 Atomic weights v equivalents | 133 |
24 The opposition of Kekule | 134 |
3 Vindication | 138 |
MANCHESTER THE EDUCATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL UTILITY OF CHEMISTRY | 147 |
professional academic | 150 |
research consultant | 159 |
analysis of coal and coalgas | 160 |
32 Forming an industrial strategy | 164 |
4 Values human and otherwise | 176 |
42 Religion | 183 |
43 The arts | 185 |
44 Away from it all | 186 |
5 The end of the road | 188 |
RETURN TO THE METROPOLIS | 202 |
11 St Bartholomews Hospital | 203 |
12 Addiscombe College | 208 |
13 The Royal Institution | 212 |
2 Man of affairs | 226 |
21 Family | 227 |
22 Informal scientific networks | 231 |
2 Frankland and popular chemical education | 286 |
22 Franklands strategy | 288 |
23 The reception of Franklands new chemistry | 298 |
3 Teaching at the Royal College of Chemistry | 303 |
THE XCLUB AND BEYOND | 317 |
FAMILY YEARS OF CRISIS | 342 |
THE ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY | 362 |
2 Appointment as official analyst | 365 |
3 New methods of analysis | 372 |
previous sewage contamination | 381 |
5 Opposition | 383 |
6 Later analytical work | 391 |
7 To what end? | 397 |
THE WILDEST PARTS OF NATURE | 411 |
11 Combustion rates and pressure | 415 |
12 The origins of illuminating power | 416 |
13 Muscular power and nutrition | 421 |
14 Glaciers | 426 |
15 Meteorology | 429 |
2 Science from the sky | 433 |
22 Glaciers on the moon? | 434 |
23 Helium on the sun | 435 |
POWER | 441 |
2 The Institute of Chemistry and technical informality | 445 |
3 The Royal Society Frankland wont do | 457 |
RETIREMENT YEARS | 469 |
2 Abnormal happenings at a Normal School | 475 |
3 Remunerative employment | 484 |
4 A house divided | 487 |
5 Recognition at last | 494 |
THE LAST JOURNEY | 502 |
521 | |
528 | |
Other editions - View all
Edward Frankland: Chemistry, Controversy and Conspiracy in Victorian England Colin A. Russell No preview available - 1996 |
Common terms and phrases
acetic acid alkyl April atoms August became Bence Jones Bunsen cacodyl carbon Chem Chemical Society chemists COEto College of Chemistry combustion Copy-letter Council course Darwin December Diary note diethylzinc Donnelly early Edward Frankland elements England entry ester ether ethyl Experimental Researches experiments February formulae Fred Hofmann holiday hydrogen Ibid iodide January John Tyndall July June Kekulé Kolbe laboratory Lancaster later letter Liebig London Maggie Frankland Manchester Marburg March matter McLeod Muspratt nitrogen November October Odling organic chemistry organometallic chemistry OU mf Owens College oxidation oxygen paper Percy Playfair President previous sewage contamination Professor Putney Queenwood radicals reaction remarkable rôle Royal College Royal Institution Archives Royal Society School scientific September Sketches Sophie South Kensington Stokes T. H. Huxley theory Tyndall University valency Victorian Wanklyn water analysis water supply William Helm wrote X-Club zinc