Edward Frankland: Chemistry, Controversy and Conspiracy in Victorian England

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Cambridge University Press, Dec 4, 2003 - Biography & Autobiography - 556 pages
Today a certain obscurity of reputation stems from the conspiracy of silence surrounding Frankland's origins: he was the illegitimate son of a distinguished lawyer. Frankland never gave interviews and posterity has had to guess about many of his activities. Recently, however, Professor Russell has gained access to a vast collection of his private papers, and has discovered several other major deposits, making the Frankland archive one of the largest collections of scientific papers to come to light in Britain this century. These have been fully examined in this new study which discloses, amongst much else, webs of conspiracy in the scientific community that demand a radical revision of the social history of Victorian science. Russell's authoritative and lively account of Frankland's achievements will be of great interest not only to professional chemists and historians of science, but also to general readers concerned with the social fabric of Victorian England.
 

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Contents

LANCASTRIAN INHERITANCE
1
2 The Lancaster of Edward Frankland
9
3 Journey to London
13
THE ROAD TO DISCOVERY
20
2 The hunt for radicals
25
3 Cirencester
28
4 Discovery at Marburg
30
QUEENWOOD
38
23 Formal scientific institutions
235
ADVANCES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
245
2 Further developments in organometallic chemistry
249
3 The lactic acids and questions of structure
254
4 Unsaturated acids and problems of reactivity
259
5 Acetoacetic ester and its reactions
262
6 The theory of structure
270
THE COMMUNICATION OF CHEMISTRY
281

2 Pioneers in science education
42
3 Disharmony Hall
54
NEW WORLDS IN GERMANY
68
2 Research in Bunsens laboratory
73
3 Interlude in Giessen
80
4 Sophie
83
FUNDAMENTAL DISCOVERIES IN CHEMISTRY
95
2 The foundation of organometallic chemistry
101
3 Foundations of the theory of valency
108
FRANKLAND AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF VALENCY
118
12 Tetravalent carbon atoms
121
13 Chemical bonds
128
2 A prophet without honour?
129
21 The ambivalent role of organometallic chemistry
131
22 Radicals v types
132
22 Atomic weights v equivalents
133
24 The opposition of Kekule
134
3 Vindication
138
MANCHESTER THE EDUCATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL UTILITY OF CHEMISTRY
147
professional academic
150
research consultant
159
analysis of coal and coalgas
160
32 Forming an industrial strategy
164
4 Values human and otherwise
176
42 Religion
183
43 The arts
185
44 Away from it all
186
5 The end of the road
188
RETURN TO THE METROPOLIS
202
11 St Bartholomews Hospital
203
12 Addiscombe College
208
13 The Royal Institution
212
2 Man of affairs
226
21 Family
227
22 Informal scientific networks
231
2 Frankland and popular chemical education
286
22 Franklands strategy
288
23 The reception of Franklands new chemistry
298
3 Teaching at the Royal College of Chemistry
303
THE XCLUB AND BEYOND
317
FAMILY YEARS OF CRISIS
342
THE ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY
362
2 Appointment as official analyst
365
3 New methods of analysis
372
previous sewage contamination
381
5 Opposition
383
6 Later analytical work
391
7 To what end?
397
THE WILDEST PARTS OF NATURE
411
11 Combustion rates and pressure
415
12 The origins of illuminating power
416
13 Muscular power and nutrition
421
14 Glaciers
426
15 Meteorology
429
2 Science from the sky
433
22 Glaciers on the moon?
434
23 Helium on the sun
435
POWER
441
2 The Institute of Chemistry and technical informality
445
3 The Royal Society Frankland wont do
457
RETIREMENT YEARS
469
2 Abnormal happenings at a Normal School
475
3 Remunerative employment
484
4 A house divided
487
5 Recognition at last
494
THE LAST JOURNEY
502
Index of persons
521
Subject index
528
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