RunesIn Orkney, Shetland and the Scottish Islands, in Ireland, the Isle of Man and above all in Scandinavia, travelers still come upon great memorial stones, inscribed with the curious angular alphabet called runes. This is the story of these inscriptions from the earliest Continental carvings of the late second century A.D. through to the Viking age. |
Common terms and phrases
a-rune alphabet amulet Anglo-Frisian Anglo-Saxon England bone bracteates Braddan Breza brooch called carved Celtic characters Charnay Christian church comb commemorated consonants cross Cumbria danegeld Danish runes decoration Denmark dialect died earliest runic early inscriptions East eleventh century epitaph Erik Moltke example excavated Franks Casket Frisia Germanic give gold graffiti grave Haraldr Illerup important Ingvarr inscribed Isle Jylland king Kirk Michael known Kylver language later lines of runes m-rune magical maker's Manx meaning memorial stone modern English mound Museum neck-ring Norway Norwegian Old English Old Norse older futhark Opland perhaps personal name Pietroassa probably record represent Roman script rune forms rune-master rune-name rune-stones runes runes cut runic inscriptions runic legends runic monuments runic texts runologists Ruthwell Scandinavian silver Sjælland Skåne Södermanland sometimes sound sound-change spear-head Stentoften stop consonants survive Sveinn Sweden Swedo-Norwegian Thornhill Uppland Urswick Vadstena variant verse Viking Age word younger futhark