Judaism from Cyrus to Hadrian: The Roman period

according Aelia Capitolina Agrippa Agrippa II Alexander Ancient ANRW Antipater Antiquities Antony Applebaum Aqiva argued Aristobulus Atlanta Augustus Bar Kokhba revolt Biblical Caesar Caesarea Caligula Cambridge Cassius century Christian circumcision Claudius coins cult Date death E. J. Brill early edited Egypt emperor Essenes evidence Ezra Galilee Gnosticism Gospel governor Greco-Roman Greek Hadrian Hasmonean Hellenistic Herod Herodian high priest History Hyrcanus Idumeans important inscription interpretation Israel Jerusalem Jesus Jewish Jews Josephus Josephus's Judah Judaism Judas Judea Kasher king later legions Leiden Maccabees Masada Mishnah Nabatean Nero Neusner Nicolaus Octavian Old Testament Palestine Parthians period Pharisees Philo probably problem province Qumran rabbinic literature reign religion religious Roman rule Rome Sadducees Saldarini Samaritan Sanhedrin Scholars Press Schürer scribes Second Temple sect seems Sicarii Smallwood sources statement Studies synagogue Syria Tiberius tion Titus tradition Trajan University Press Vespasian worship writings Yavneh Zealots