Space, Time and Architecture: The Growth of a New Tradition, Fifth Revised and Enlarged Edition

Front Cover
Harvard University Press, 1967 - Architecture - 897 pages

"This new edition ensures that the book will continue to be internationally acknowledged as the standard work on the development of modern architecture." -Walter Gropius

"A remarkable accomplishment. . . one of the most valuable reference books for students and professionals concerned with the reshaping of our environment. " -José Luis Sert

A milestone in modern thought, Space, Time and Architecture has been reissued many times since its first publication in 1941 and translated into half a dozen languages. In this revised edition of Sigfried Giedion’s classic work, major sections have been added and there are 81 new illustrations.

The chapters on leading contemporary architects have been greatly expanded. There is new material on the later development of Frank Lloyd Wright and the more recent buildings of Walter Gropius, particularly his American Embassy in Athens. In his discussion of Le Corbusier, Mr. Giedion provides detailed analyses of the Carpenter Center at Harvard University, Le Corbusier’s only building in the United States, and his Priory of La Tourette near Lyons. There is a section on his relations with his clients and an assessment of his influence on contemporary architecture, including a description of the Le Corbusier Center in Zurich (designed just before his death), which houses his works of art. The chapters on Mies van der Rohe and Alvar Aalto have been brought up to date with examples of their buildings in the sixties. There is an entirely new chapter on the Danish architect Jørn Utzon, whose work, as exemplified in his design for the Sydney Opera House, Mr. Giedion considers representative of post–World War II architectural concepts.

A new essay, “Changing Notions of the City,” traces the evolution of the structure of the city throughout history and examines current attempts to deal with urban growth, as shown in the work of such architects as José Luis Sert, Kenzo Tange, and Fumihiko Maki. Mr. Sert’s Peabody Terrace is discussed as an example of the interlocking of the collective and individual spheres. Finally, the conclusion has been enlarged to include a survey of the limits of the organic in architecture.

 

Contents

I
xxvi
Tokyo
xxviii
Part I
xxxvii
LE CORBUSIER Pilgrimage Chapel of Notre Dame du Haut Ronchamps
lii
INTRODUCTION
2
CONTEMPORARY HISTORY
8
TRANSITORY AND CONSTITUENT FACTS
17
PROCEDURE
23
G EIFFEL Bridge over the Douro 1875 Original sketch Photo Chevojon
280
G EIFFEL Garabit Viaduct 188084 Photo Eiffel
282
G EIFFEL Decorative arch of the Eiffel Tower 1889 Photo Giedion
283
G EIFFEL Spiral staircases between first and second floors of the Eiffel Tower Photo Giedion
286
ROBERT DELAUNEY Eiffel Tower 1910 Photo Kunstsammlung Basel
287
ARNODIN Ferry Bridge in the Vieux Port of Marseilles 1905 Photo Giedion
288
ARNODIN Ferry Bridge Marseilles 1905 Photo Giedion
289
THE DEMAND FOR MORALITY IN ARCHITECTURE
291

PERSPECTIVE
30
MASACCIO Fresco of the Trinity Santa Maria Novella Florence c 1425
35
PERSPECTIVE AND URBANISM
41
BRUNELLESCHI Pazzi Chapel Florence begun in 1430 Photo Giedion
43
Piazza del Duomo 149395
49
PERSPECTIVE AND THE CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE CITY
55
FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO Piazza and Street of an Ideal City Detail
58
Michelangelo and the Modeling of Outer Space
64
23
67
What Is the Real Significance of the Area Capitolina?
70
St Louis river front Castiron front of 523529 North First Street c 187071
71
LEONARDO DA VINCI Scheme for draining the Pontine Marshes 1514
73
The Medieval and the Renaissance City
77
GIOVANNI BATTISTA FALDA Medieval Rome from the Castello S Angelo to the Bridge of Sixtus IV Detail from Faldas map 1676
78
The Planning of Baroque Rome by Sixtus V 158590
79
G F BORDINO Sketch plan of the streets of Sixtus V 1588
82
Sixtus Vs Master Plan of Rome 1589 Fresco at the Vatican Library
83
The area between the Coliseum and the Lateran From the map of Du Pérac Lafréry 1577
84
The area between the Coliseum and the Lateran From the map of Antonio Tempesta 1593
85
S Maria Maggiore and the Villa Montalto From the map of Antonio Tempesta 1593
86
S Maria Maggiore and its obelisk 1587 From the fresco now in the Collegio Massimo
87
The Villa Montalto in the late seventeenth century From G B Falda Giardini di Roma Nuremberg 1695
88
DOMENICO FONTANA The Transportation of the Chapel of the Sacred Crib
89
The Master Plan
91
G F BORDINI The Antonine Column and the beginning of the Piazza Colonna 1588
98
The Social Aspect
100
38a The Piazza Colonna at the time of Sixtus V Fresco Vatican Library Photo Alinari
101
The Moses Fountain 1587 Fresco Vatican Library
102
The Moses Fountain beside the Strada Pia 1616
103
The wash house at the Piazza delle Terme Fresco Collegio Massimo
104
DOMENICO FONTANA Sixtus Vs plan transforming the Coliseum into a factory for wool spinning 1590 From Domenico Fontana second edition
105
FRANCESCO BORROMINI San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane Rome 166267
107
THE UNDULATING WALL AND THE FLEXIBLE GROUND PLAN
110
the dome 163441
112
St Louis river front Castiron front of Gantt Building 219221 Chestnut
113
FRANCESCO BORROMINI Sant Ivo Rome 164262 Ground plan
114
FRANCESCO BORROMINI Sant Ivo Rome Interior of dome Photo Giedion
116
PICASSO Head Sculpture c 1910 Collection of Walter P Chrysler Jr Photo Soichi Sinami for the Museum of Modern Art
117
FRANCESCO BORROMINI Sant Ivo Rome Lantern with coupled col umns and spiral Photo Giedion
118
TATLIN Project for a monument in Moscow 1920
119
FRANCESCO BORROMINI Sant Ivo Rome Detail Photo Giedion
120
Guarino Guarini 16241683
121
GUARINO GUARINI San Lorenzo Turin 166887 Section through the cupola and the lantern with intersecting binding arches
123
GUARINO GUARINI San Lorenzo Turin Cupola with intersecting binding arches Photo Alinari
124
Mosque al Hakem Cordova 965 Dome of one of the Mihrabs Photo Arxiu Mas
125
HENRI LABROUSTE Bibliothèque Nationale The stacks Detail of grid
126
Vierzehnheiligen
127
BALTHASAR NEUMANN Vierzehnheiligen Church of the Fourteen Saints 174372 Façade Photo Marburg
128
BALTHASAR NEUMANN Vierzehnheiligen Detail of the undulating wall of the façade
129
BALTHASAR NEUMANN Vierzehnheiligen Interior Photo Marburg
130
BALTHASAR NEUMANN Vierzehnheiligen Warpedplane binding arches
131
THE ORGANIZATION OF OUTER SPACE
133
LOUIS LE VAU Château VauxleVicomte 165561 Engraving by Perelle
136
Versailles Great court stables and highway to Paris Engraving by Perelle
139
Single Squares
141
LORENZO BERNINI Piazza Obliqua St Peters Rome Lithograph 1870
142
PATTE Plan of Paris 1748 with projected and executed squares
144
HÉRÉ DE CORNY Three interrelated squares at Nancy Place Stanislas 175255 145 71 HÉRÉ DE CORNY Three interrelated squares at Nancy Plan
145
HÉRÉ DE CORNY Palais du Gouvernement with oval colonnades Nancy
146
JOHN WOOD THE YOUNGER The Circus 1764 and the Royal Crescent 1769 Bath Air view Photo Aerofilms Ltd
147
JACQUESANGE GABRIEL Place Louis XV Place de la Concorde Paris 1763
148
JOHN WOOD THE YOUNGER The Royal Crescent Bath 1769 Air view Photo Aerofilms Ltd
149
Piazza del Popolo Rome Engraving by Tempesta 1593
151
GIUSEPPE VALADIER Scheme of the Piazza del Popolo Rome 1816
153
Piazza del Popolo Rome View from the Pincio terrace
154
THEO VAN DOESBURG Relation of horizontal and vertical planes c 1920
155
FRANCESCO BORROMINI Undulating wall of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane 166267 Photo Giedion
156
Lansdowne Crescent Bath 1794 Air view Photo Aerofilms Ltd
157
Bath and its crescents Air view Photo Aerofilms Ltd
158
LE CORBUSIER Scheme for skyscrapers in Algiers 1931
159
85a LE CORBUSIER Plan for the Marine Sector of Algiers 193842 From Le Corbusier Euvre complète vol IV ed Willy Boesiger Verlag für Architek t...
161
85b LE CORBUSIER Skyscraper for the Marine Sector of Algiers 193842
162
THE EVOLUTION OF NEW POTENTIALITIES
163
writing doll made by Pierre JaquetDroz Neuchâtel about 1770
166
ABRAHAM DARBY The first castiron bridge over the river Severn 177579
170
Sunderland Bridge 179396 British Crown copyright Photo Science Museum London
171
HUMPHRY REPTON Pheasantry for the Royal Pavilion Brighton 1808
172
JOHN NASH Royal Pavilion at Brighton 181821
173
VICTOR LOUIS ThéâtreFrançais Iron roofing 1786
174
The Granary Paris 1811
175
MARC SEGUIN First French suspension bridge of wire rope over the Rhone near Tournon 1824 Photo Giedion
176
Golden Gate Bridge San Francisco 193337 Photo Gabriel Moulin
177
FONTAINE Galerie dOrléans Palais Royal Paris 182931
179
ROUHAULT Greenhouses of the Botanical Gardens Paris 1833
180
FROM THE IRON COLUMN TO THE STEEL FRAME
181
Wooden attic of factory Bolton England c 1800
185
Early use of castiron columns London bookshop 1794 Courtesy of Mrs Albert C Koch
186
JOHN NASH Royal Pavilion Brighton 181821 Red drawingroom
187
JOHN NASH Royal Pavilion Brighton The kitchen
188
Paris Exhibition 1867 Oval garden in the center of the main building From LExposition Universelle de 1867 Illustrée
189
British Crown copyright Photo Science Museum London
190
WATT and BOULTON Working drawings for the first sevenstory mill with castiron beams and columns Salford Manchester 1801 Reproduced from ...
192
WATT and BOULTON Working drawings for the first sevenstory mill with castiron beams and columns Reproduced from the Boulton and Watt Col...
193
WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN English refinery c 1845 Cross section
194
James Bogardus
195
JAMES BOGARDUS Design for a factory 1856 showing the resistance of cast iron
196
JAMES BOGARDUS Harper Brothers Building New York 1854 Cour tesy of Harper Brothers
197
221
202
Elevators
208
NEW BUILDING PROBLEMS NEW SOLUTIONS
229
VICTOR BALTARD Halles Centrales Paris Interior Begun 1853
231
EIFFEL and BOILEAU Bon Marché Paris 1876
241
THE GREAT EXHIBITIONS
243
Crystal Palace London 1851 General view Lithograph From Mighty
250
International Exhibition Paris 1855 Interior of the main building Litho
258
Paris Exhibition of 1867
260
International Exhibition Paris 1878 Main entrance Photo Chevojon
265
International Exhibition Paris 1878 Section and perspective of the Galerie des Machines
267
International Exhibition Paris 1889 Galerie des Machines Photo Chevojon
269
International Exhibition Paris 1889 Base of the threehinged arch
272
EDGAR DEGAS The Dancer Formerly in the collection of Samuel Lewisohn Esq Photo A Calavas Paris
273
The Kiss of the Wave 1889 Tableau de M Wertheimer From Le Courrier de lExposition Illustrée
274
Chicago 1893
275
Worlds Fair Chicago 1893 Venetian gondoliers
276
International Exhibition Paris 1867 Iron skeleton Magasin pittoresque 1866
278
VICTOR HORTA 12 Rue de Turin Brussels 1893
300
St Louis river front 109111 North First Street 1849 or 1850 United States Department of the Interior
301
VICTOR HORTA 12 Rue de Turin Brussels Iron column and staircase
303
VICTOR HORTA Maison du Peuple Brussels 1897 Exterior
307
Berlages Stock Exchange and the Demand for Morality
308
H H RICHARDSON Sever Hall Cambridge Massachusetts 1878
309
H P BERLAGE Stock Exchange Amsterdam 18981903 Drawing
310
H P BERLAGE Stock Exchange Amsterdam 18981903 Hall treatment of wall Photo Giedion
312
H P BERLAGE Stock Exchange Amsterdam 18981903 The great hall Photo Giedion
314
OTTO WAGNER Karlsplatz Station Vienna 1894 Detail
320
OTTO WAGNER Drawing for bridge subway and different street levels Vienna 1906
321
FERROCONCRETE AND ITS INFLUENCE UPON ARCHITECTURE
322
JOHN SMEATON Eddystone Lighthouse England 1774
323
HENNEBIQUE Residence BourglaReine
324
ANATOLE DE BAUDOT SaintJean de Montmartre Paris Begun 1894
325
PFLEGHARD HAEFELI and MAILLART Queen Alexandra Sanatorium Davos 1907 Photo E Meerkämper
327
AUGUSTE PERRET 25 bis Rue Franklin Paris 1903 Photo Chevojon
329
AUGUSTE PERRET 25 bis Rue Franklin Office on ground floor Photo Giedion
330
TONY GARNIER Central Station 190104 Project
332
Europe Observes American Production
336
American clocks c 1850
337
Standards of American school furniture 1849
338
Ballpeen machinists hammer blacksmiths hammers Chicago catalogue of 1877 British Crown Copyright Photo Victoria and Albert Museum London
340
Yale lock Chicago catalogue of 1877
341
Folding bed Philadelphia Exhibition 1876
342
The Structure of American Industry
344
Balloonframe construction From G E Woodward Woodwards Country Homes New York 1869
347
Balloon frame From W E Bell Carpentry Made Easy 1859
348
R J NEUTRA House in Texas 1937
349
The Balloon Frame and the Buildingup of the West
350
Old Larkin Building Buffalo 1837 Courtesy of the Larkin Company Inc Buffalo
357
Longfellow House Cambridge Massachusetts 1759 Clapboard wall Photo Giedion
358
Stone wall Union Wharf warehouse Boston 1846 Photo Giedion
359
Shaker Community House Concord Vermont 1832 Photo Giedion
360
Commercial Block 140 Commercial Street Boston Massachusetts 1856
361
H H RICHARDSON Marshall Field Wholesale Store Chicago 1885
362
The Flexible and Informal Ground Plan
363
House at 34 Chestnut Street Salem Massachusetts 1824 Photo Giedion
364
E C GARDNER American kitchen 1882 From Gardner The House That Jill Built New York 1882
366
E C GARDNER Oneroom house for an old maid From Gardner Illustrated Homes Boston 1875
367
WILLIAM LE BARON JENNEY First Leiter Building Chicago 1879
372
WILLIAM LE BARON JENNEY Manhattan Building Chicago 1891
373
WILLIAM LE BARON JENNEY The Fair Building Chicago 1891 Photo Giedion
375
HOLABIRD and ROCHE Marquette Building Chicago 1894 Photo Giedion
376
The Apartment House
377
Randolph Street about 1891
379
Great Northern Hotel Chicago 1891
380
WILLIAM LE BARON JENNEY Leiter Building Van Buren Street Chicago 1889 Photo R B Tague
384
The Reliance Building 1894
385
BURNHAM AND COMPANY Reliance Building Chicago 1894 Photo Giedion
386
MIES VAN DER ROHE Project for a glass tower 1921
387
LOUIS SULLIVAN Carson Pirie Scott and Company department store Chicago 18991904 Photo Fuermann
392
The Influence of the Chicago Worlds Fair 1893
393
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Charnley house Astor Street Chicago 1892
398
The Cruciform and the Elongated Plan
400
G E WOODWARD Plan of a cruciform country house 1873 From Wood ward Suburban and Country Houses New York c 1873
402
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Isabel Roberts house River Forest Illinios 1907
403
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Isabel Roberts house River Forest Illinois 1907
404
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Suntop Houses Ardmore Pennsylvania 1939
406
Central Park Casino New York City 1871 Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York Photo Work Projects Administration
407
R E SCHMIDT GARDEN MARTIN Warehouse of ferroconcrete for Montgomery Ward Company Chicago 1908 Photo Giedion
408
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Robie house Woodlawn Avenue Chicago 1908
409
The Urge toward the Organic
414
Influence of Frank Lloyd Wright
424
SPACETIME
430
The Artistic Means
437
261
441
FUTURISM
443
International Exhibition Paris 1867 Section of the galleries of the main
447
SLAB AND PLANE
450
Afterword
475
Walter Gropius
482
The Bauhaus Buildings at Dessau 1926
491
Architectural Aims
497
Gropius as Educator
510
LE CORBUSIER AND THE MEANS OF ARCHITECTONIC EXPRESSION
518
The Villa Savoie 19281930
525
Large Constructions and Architectural Aims
539
Chandigarh
549
The Carpenter Center for Visual Arts Harvard University 1963
556
Le Corbusier and His Clients
563
The Priory of Ste Marie de la Tourette 1960
569
The Legacy of Le Corbusier
578
MIES VAN DER ROHE AND THE INTEGRITY OF FORM
587
The Weissenhof Housing Settlement Stuttgart 1927
594
The Illinois Institute of Technology 1939
601
Office Buildings
607
On the Integrity of Form
615
Finnish Architecture before 1930
621
The Sanatorium 19291933
629
Factory and Landscape 19371939
640
Organic Town Planning
648
Civic and Cultural Centers
655
Furniture in Standard Units
661
JØRN UTZON AND THE THIRD GENERATION
668
Part VII
706
The Rue de Rivoli of Napoleon I
714
THE GARDEN SQUARES OF BLOOMSBURY
724
REGENTS PARK
734
Paris in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century
740
Squares Boulevards Gardens and Plants
754
The City as a Technical Problem
762
The Scale of the Street
770
Part VIII
777
Patrick Geddes and Arturo Soria y Mata
785
AMSTERDAM AND THE REBIRTH OF TOWN PLANNING
793
The General Extension Plan of Amsterdam 1934
804
Interrelations of Housing and Activities of Private Life
810
Contemporary Attitude toward Town Planning
816
THE NEW SCALE IN CITY PLANNING
823
Highrise Buildings in Open Space
833
Freedom for the Pedestrian
842
CHANGING NOTIONS OF THE CITY
856
On the Limits of the Organic in Architecture
873
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