Crime in Public Housing: A reportThe Office, 1978 - Crime |
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access control activities for youth addition analysis Brill Cabrini-Green citizen involvement contributors to crime CPTED crime and fear crime in public crime prevention crime problem crime rates crime reduction efforts crime reduction strategies discussed effective fear of crime formal literature Gardiner Herb Rubenstein implementation informal social controls integrated approach Jane Jacobs lack of adequate lack of social law enforcement literature management policies Millvale NAHRO/HUD Conference Newman Nickerson Gardens organized activity participants percent physical design changes physical environment physical factors physically oriented police potential offenders practitioners problems of crime proprietary interest Public Housing Authorities public housing complexes public housing environment public housing grounds public housing management public housing residents reduce crime role security personnel security programs social cohesion social factors social organization social problems socially oriented strategies surveillance opportunities systematic research methods target hardening tenants territoriality tion turf reclamation urban neighborhoods vulnerability
Popular passages
Page 27 - Exclusive reliance on a self- or familyoriented approach to crime prevention causes individuals and family units to become isolated from one another. The result is that the crime prevention effectiveness of the community as a whole becomes considerably less than that of the sum of its parts. Indeed, with each citizen looking out for himself only, there is no community, no strength in numbers, but rather a fragmentation that can serve only to embolden criminal elements.
Page 14 - ... buildings, high walls and fences, and locked gates and doors. Others are symbolic barriers only: open gateways, light standards, a short run of steps, planting, and changes in the texture of the walking surface. Both serve a common purpose: to inform that one is passing from a space which is public where one's presence is not questioned through a barrier to a space which is private and where one's presence requires justification.
Page 23 - Factors Early in our analysis it became clear that the social characteristics of the resident population were stronger predictors of crime rate than the physical characteristics of design. Varying aspects of a family's makeup, income, and age of its members affect its adaptability to different environments and its vulnerability to crime.
Page 43 - The argument against housing uniform age and life style groups together is twofold. First, by removing the elderly from areas with children and youth, important elements of surveillance and informal social control are lost. Second, the interaction of old and young can have the effect of deterring anti-social behavior due to potential caring attitudes that may develop between members of each group. Elderly people also can be role models for youth.
Page iv - Executive Summary The problems related to crime are among the most serious social problems faced by persons who live or work in and around public housing. Recent surveys sponsored by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) show that the quality of life of public housing residents is reduced more by crime and the fear of crime than by any .other social problem. Studies conducted by Brill...
Page 44 - This view long has been held by professional gerontologists. The question is not whether elderly persons who want to live by themselves should be allowed to do so, but rather whether elderly residents who do not fear victimization by youth should be allowed to reside in buildings that are primarily occupied by families with children.
Page 71 - Preliminary findings from studies in Newark, St. Louis, and San Francisco housing projects suggest that crime rates are positively correlated with such socio-economic and demographic characteristics as percentage of recipients of Aid to Families with Dependent Children and teen-adult ratios. In addition, the early findings lend support to defensible space hypotheses by showing correlations between crime rates and the physical forms of the buildings studied. Much of the information collected on housing...
Page 72 - Thus, a critical question remains - namely, whether offenders are aware of and react to increases in surveillance opportunities, access control strategies, circulation patterns, and the other physical changes that are said to help create defensible space.
Page 90 - Rosenthal suggests that management should make a preliminary estimate or rough appraisal of problems, constraints, goals, remedial measures, and further planning tasks. The preliminary appraisal should include problem analysis by management staff, policy input from administrative officials, and input from residents.