The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe Ca. 1200 B.C.The Bronze Age came to a close early in the twelfth century b.c. with one of the worst calamities in history: over a period of several decades, destruction descended upon key cities throughout the Eastern Mediterranean, bringing to an end the Levantine, Hittite, Trojan, and Mycenaean kingdoms and plunging some lands into a dark age that would last more than four hundred years. In his attempt to account for this destruction, Robert Drews rejects the traditional explanations and proposes a military one instead. |
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The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe Ca. 1200 B.C. Robert Drews No preview available - 1993 |
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Achaeans Aegean Anatolia ancient archaeological Argolid armor army Art of Warfare Asia Minor Åström attack Balkans barbarian battle Bronze Age kingdoms Canaan Catastrophe Catling century B.C. chariot chariot warfare chariot warriors chariotry citadel cities corslets Crete Crouwel Cyprus destroyed destruction Dorians drought earthquake East eastern Mediterranean Egypt Egyptian enemy evidence excavations footsoldiers fought greaves Greece Greek hand-to-hand Hatti Hattusas Hazor Hittite Hittite chariot Homer horse troops hypothesis Ibid IIIC period infantry infantrymen inscriptions Iron Age Israel Italy javelin Kadesh Karnak king Knossos land Late Bronze Age Levant LH IIIB Libyans long swords Maspero Medinet Habu Merneptah Meryre migration military Mycenae Mycenaean Naue Type Nuzi palace Philistines plate pottery Pylos quake raiders Ramesses Ramesses III reign round shield runners sacked Sandars Sardinian Schaeffer seems settlement shardana Shekelesh skirmishers suggests tablets texts thirteenth century thousand Tiryns Tjekker Troy Twosret Ugarit Vase VIIa weapons Yadin