Panjab Castes: Being a Reprint of the Chapter on "The Races, Castes, and Tribes of the People" in the Report on the Census of the Panjab |
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Abstract Afghánistán Afgháns agricultural Ambála Amritsar ancestor Aráins Awáns Bahawalpur Bannu Banya belong Bhatti Biloch border Bráhmans British Territory called caste Chamár Chamba Chanáb Chauhán chiefly Chúhra claim clan cultivators Dehli Derah Ismail Khan descendants described district divisions east eastern Faridkot figures Firozpur frontier Gakkhars Gházi Ghilzai Gújars Gújránwála Gújrát Gurdaspur Gurgaon Hazára Hindu Hindústán Hissár hold Hushyárpur included India Indus intermarry Ismáíl Jahlam Jalandhar Jamna Ját Jat tribes Jhang Kábul Kalsia Kambohs Kanets Kángra Kapurthala Karnál Khán Kharral Khatak Khatris Khel Khokhar Kohát Koli Lahore Lohár Mahomedan Maler Kotla marry menial Montgomery Mughal Multán Musalmán Muzaffargarh Nábha numbers occupation origin Panjab Patháns Patiala Peshawar probably Province Punwár race Rája Rajput Rájpútána Rájpúts Ráthi Rawalpindi returned river Rohtak Saiyad Salt-range Tract Satluj settled Shahpur Shekh Siál Sialkot Sikh Sindh Sirsa social sub-montane Sulemáns Tarkhán Thakar Total Hill tribal Túrk valley village Western Plains
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Page 13 - Rajput, Gujar, or Jat is, for all social, tribal, political, and administrative purposes, exactly as much a Rajput, Gujar, or Jat as his Hindu brother. His social customs are unaltered, his tribal restrictions are unrelaxed, his rules of marriage and inheritance unchanged...
Page 7 - Kangra the son of a Rajput by a low-caste woman takes place as a Rathi; in Seoraj and other places in the interior of the hills I have met families calling themselves Rajputs, and growing into general acceptance as Rajputs, in their own country at least, whose only claim to the title was that their father or grandfather was the offspring of a Kanetni by a foreign Brahmin.
Page 102 - ... is very far from being so. He is independent and he is self-willed ; but he is reasonable, peaceably inclined if left alone, and not difficult to manage. He is usually content to cultivate his fields and pay his revenue in peace and quietness if people will let him do so ; though when he does go wrong he takes to anything from gambling to murder, with perhaps a preference for stealing other people's wives and cattle.
Page 101 - ... much as he liked. I have heard old men quote instances within their memory in which a Raja promoted a Girth to be a Rathi, and a Thakur to be a Rajput, for service done or money given; and at the present day the power of admitting back into caste fellowship persons put under a ban for some grave act of defilement is a source of income to the Jagirdar Rajas.
Page 59 - Mr. Thorburn 3 quotes in support of their Jewish extraction, some peculiar customs obtaining among the tribes of purest blood, for instance the Passover-like practice of sacrificing an animal and smearing the doorway with its blood in order to avert calamity, the offering up of sacrifices, the stoning to death of blasphemers, the periodical distribution of land and so forth...
Page 60 - But with the former, though it does protect in many cases families of one tribe who have settled with another, it seldom accounts for any considerable portion of the tribe ; and its action is chiefly confined to traders, menials and other dependants of foreign extraction who are protected by, but not received into, the tribe. Thus a blacksmith living in an Utmanzai village will give his clan as Utmanzai ; but his caste will, of course, remain Lohar.
Page 247 - India,.' is, in my judgment, one of the most useful portions of that work. The following extract is too important to be curtailed. "Trade," he says, "is their main occupation ; but in fact they have broader and more distinguishing features. Besides monopolising the trade of the Panjab and the greater part of Afghanistan, and doing a good deal beyond those limits, they are in the Panjab the chief civil administrators, and have almost all literate work in their hands. So far as the Sikhs have a priesthood,...
Page 61 - Khorásan, over which . they have now held sway for more than a century, and which is bounded on the north by the Oxus, on the south by Balochistan, on the east by the middle course of the Indus, and on the west by the Persian desert ; and, just as the English and Scotch who early in the 17th century settled among and intermarried with the Irish are now called Irish, though still a very distinct section of the population, so all inhabitants of Afghanistan are now in common parlance known as Afghan,...
Page 17 - The constitution of the Family through actual blood-relationship is of course an observable fact, but. for all groups of men larger than the Family, the Land on which they live tends to become the bond of union between them at the expense of Kinship, ever more and more vaguely conceived.
Page 10 - Sweeper, this year I am a Shekh, next year if prices rise I shall be a Saiyad.