books.google.co.uk - Austria's defeat at the battle of Hohenlinden, on 3 December 1800, created a power vacuum in the area now known as Germany, and Napoleon lost little time in transforming this zone into a pro-French 'cordon sanitaire', creating as he did so the Duchy of Berg, which he later united with Kleve. Like Kleve-Berg,...http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Napoleon_s_German_Allies_1.html?id=iR8VAWByawkC&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareNapoleon's German Allies (1)