The Tithe Surveys of England and WalesThe rural landscape of England and Wales in the mid-nineteenth century is minutely depicted in the large-scale plans and schedules drawn for the Tithe Commissioners. Among other features shown on the maps are field boundaries and rights of way, whilst the accompanying schedules record the names of owners and occupiers, field names, land use and area. The amount of detailed information they provide, together with their uniformity, place the surveys as the most complete record of the agrarian landscape at any period. This book describes the nature of tithe payments, the Tithe Commutation Act of 1836 and the survey of over 11,000 parishes. The uses made of the surveys for reconstructing early field systems, for tracing land use and understanding farming practices, are systematically considered, The abstraction, computer processing and mapping of vast quantities of data are discussed. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
The Tithe Commutation Act of 1836 | 28 |
Tithe maps apportionments and files | 69 |
Descriptions of parish farming in tithe file reports on agreements | 109 |
The accuracy of the tithe surveys | 127 |
Entries in the state of cultivation column of apportionments | 139 |
The owners and occupiers of land | 145 |
Land use | 172 |
Farming | 207 |
Farms landowners and rural social structure | 230 |
Summary and prospect | 252 |
Bibliography | 295 |
318 | |
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Common terms and phrases
accuracy acreages acres agreements agricultural geography Agricultural History Review apportion arable land assistant commissioner assistant tithe commissioners award BPP HC Breckland Britain Carmarthenshire cent changes Cheshire Chilterns commutation of tithes Contentious tithe crops cultivation Dawson Devon Dittmer East England and Wales English Essex estimates Evans evidence farmers field patterns field systems grass Hertfordshire historical geography Journal Kain Kent Land Utilisation Survey land-use landowners London Ph.D maps and apportionments meadow mid-nineteenth century midland moorland nineteenth century Norfolk North York Moors open fields Ordnance Survey parish pasture rent-charge Report schedule of apportionment settlement Society soils Staffordshire surveyors Sussex Tithe Act tithe apportionments tithe areas Tithe Commission tithe commissioners Tithe Commutation Act tithe districts tithe files tithe in kind tithe maps tithe owners tithe payers tithe surveys titheable Townsend townships University College London University of London unpublished University valuers W. G. Hoskins Welsh Wiltshire Winterborne Kingston woodland Yorkshire