I.B.M., Colossus in Transition

accounting machines addition Amdahl American antitrust appeared Armonk assets became become Burroughs business machine cards Cary Cash Register census challenge chines company's competition competitors computer industry Control Data corporation cost customers data processing decade devices Dick Watson division early earnings Electric electronic ENIAC executive field firms Flint Frank Cary funds Hollerith Honeywell IBM's important initial integrated circuits late later leader leadership Learson leasing mainframes major manufacturers Memorex ment million minicomputer models Opel operations orders organization pany patents Patterson percent period peripheral equipment placements plug-compatible president profits purchased puters Remington Rand revenues sales force salesmen scientists sell sold Sperry Sperry Rand success System/3 Tabulating Machine Telex tion Tom Watson transistors turned typewriters UNIVAC users Vincent Learson Wall Street Watson senior World Trade Xerox