Insect Defenses: Adaptive Mechanisms and Strategies of Prey and PredatorsDavid L. Evans, Justin O. Schmidt This work takes a fresh, modern approach to investigate and explain the predator and prey relationships of insects and spiders, the major terrestrial fauna on earth. Devoted to broad and in-depth analysis of arthropod defenses against predators, the book's approach is both experimentally and theoretically based with major emphasis on evolution, predator strategies and tactics, and prey defensive adaptations and behaviors. The authors explain such topics as cryptic and aposematic coloration, the conflict between sexual and survival needs, web spider prey choice and evolution of prey counter defenses, predator-prey interactions and the origins of intelligence, bird predatory tactics, and caterpillar defense strategies. Also examined is the use of timing for fitness and survival, evolutionary gamesmanship in the predatory bat-moth relationship, colony defense by aper wasps, startle as a defense by moths, aggregation as a defense, chemicals as defenses, plant chemicals as defenses, and venoms as defenses. The authors illustrate each topic with numerous specific well-documented examples presented in a clear, readable style. |
Contents
The Evolution of Cryptic Coloration MALCOLM EDMUNDS | 3 |
The Evolution of Aposematism TIM GUILFORD | 23 |
Sexual Selection and Predation Balancing Reproductive and Survival Needs Scott K Sakaluk | 63 |
Predatory Strategies and Tactics David L Evans | 91 |
Prey Selection in WebBuilding Spiders and Evolution of Prey Defenses George W Uetz | 93 |
PredatorPrey Interactions Informational Complexity and the Origins of Intelligence Michael H Robinson | 129 |
Avian Predatory Behavior and Prey Distribution Werner Schuler | 151 |
Predation Prevention Avoidance and Escape Behaviors David L Evans | 173 |
The Sensory Ecology of Moths and Bats Global Lessons in Staying Alive James H Fullard | 203 |
Predation Prevention Chemical and Behavioral Counterattack Justin O Schmidt | 227 |
Startle as an AntiPredator Mechanism with Special Reference to the Undenwing Moths Catocala Theodore D Sargent | 229 |
Collective Security Aggregation by Insects as a Defense Kevina Vulinec | 251 |
Allomones Chemicals for Defense Douglas W Whitman Murray S Blum David W Alsop | 289 |
Recycling Plant Natural Products for Insect Defense M DEANE BOWERS | 353 |
Hymenopteran Venoms Striving Toward the Ultimate Defense Against Vertebrates JUSTIN O SCHMIDT | 387 |
Holding the Fort Colony Defense in Some Primitively Social Wasps Christopher K Starr | 421 |
Avoiding the Hunt Primary Defenses of Lepidopteran Caterpillars Robert C Lederhouse | 175 |
Phenology as a Defense A Time to Die A Time to Live David L Evans | 191 |
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Common terms and phrases
abdominal acoustic adaptations adults aggregation allelochemicals allomones animals ants aposematic aposematic coloration Araneae arthropods attack avoidance Batesian mimicry bats bees beetles Behav behavior Belwood Biol birds Blum Brower butterflies cardenolides caterpillars Catocala Coleoptera colony conspicuous crypsis cryptic prey defensive glands density detection echolocation Ecol Ecology Edmunds effective Eisner Entomol escape evolution evolutionary evolved example experimental experiments feeding females figure foraging frequency Fullard function gregarious habitat hindwings host plant Hymenoptera hypothesis increased individual insects iridoid iridoid glycosides kin selection larvae learning legs Lepidoptera Lond males mantids mating mechanisms Meinwald Micrathena mimicry mimics Mischocyttarus moths nest Noctuidae observation parasitoids Pasteels pattern pheromones Polistes potential predators predatory prey item prey types primitive social wasps response Riechert Robinson Ropalidia Rothschild Schmidt search image sequestered sexual signals Sillén-Tullberg spiders startle stick stimuli sting strategies studies suggested threat tion tropical unpalatable venoms vertebrate warning coloration wasps web-building webs Zool