Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design: How Investing in Physical and Social Capital Makes Communities SaferThis book argues that the level of social and physical capital in communities can influence the amount of crime. Communities are conceived as varying across positive, weak, or negative levels of social and physical capital. Negative social and physical capital produce higher levels of disorder and crime. Conversely, positive social and physical capital enables residents to lower social problems in communities. Weak social and physical capital allows more disorder because the community’s defenses against crime and disorder are not strong enough to combat these problems. The general perspectives include broken windows, defensible space, hot spots, collective efficacy, social disorganization, underclass gang communities, the post-industrialized communities and routine activities theory. The ameliorative programs include the weed and seed program, the moving to opportunity program, community policing, and empowerment zones. |
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Contents
Introduction | 1 |
The Social Disorder Broken Windows | 19 |
2 | 37 |
Copyright | |
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African Americans behavior blocks Brantingham broken windows perspective buildings burglary Chicago civil remedies collective efficacy community policing concentrated disadvantage concentrated poverty CPTED crime activities crime and disorder crime prevention crime rates criminologists cul-de-sacs decline defensible space perspective delinquency disorder and crime disorderly displacement drug houses economic effects enforcement environmental design establish ethnic example families fear Five Oaks gangs gated communities gentrification groups homes hot spots idea incivilities increased crime Investments in Positive negative physical capital negative social capital neighborhood social neighbors networks opportunities order maintenance organizations parks positive physical capital positive social capital potential offenders problem-oriented policing problems produce public housing reduce crime relationships risk of victimization robberies routine activities routine activities theory Sampson Skogan social cohesion social control social disorder social disorganization social investments street surveillability target territoriality underclass violence violent crimes weak Weed and Seed youth