Psychological TraumaRachel Yehuda Psychological Trauma reviews the theory of traumatic exposure as a major factor in psychological disorders like PTSD. It also addresses the differing outcomes of such exposure as well as exciting treatment options for patients. Some highlights from this volume of the 1998 Review of Psychiatry series include: * Complete coverage of the neurological damage from exposure to trauma.* A thoughtful discussion of the reasons some rape survivors suffer from chronic PTSD.* An established connection between PTSD and anxiety disorders and depression.* New uses of pharmacotherapy for patients suffering from PTSD. The understanding of the connection between trauma and PTSD, is a continuing challenge for physicians. While many patients suffer from the disorder, it is still not commonly understood. Psychological Trauma provides psychiatrists and psychologists accessible and reliable information on the topic. |
Contents
Epidemiology of Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | 1 |
A Brief Inventory | 3 |
Methodologic Issues in Estimating Exposure and the Conditional Risk of PTSD | 7 |
Estimates of Exposure to Trauma and PTSD | 10 |
Estimates of Exposure to Specific Types of Traumas | 12 |
Sociodemographic and Other Suspected Risk Factors for Exposure | 13 |
The Conditional Risk of PTSD | 15 |
The Most Frequent Precipitating Traumas in Persons With PTSD | 18 |
Rationale for Studying the Neuroendocrinology of Trauma and PTSD | 98 |
HypothalamicPituitaryAdrenal Alterations in PTSD | 102 |
Relationship to the Biology of PTSD | 119 |
Implications of HPA Axis Findings for Understanding Findings of Reduced Hippocampal Volume in PTSD | 121 |
How the HPA Findings Inform Our Understanding of PTSD | 123 |
Conclusions | 125 |
Pharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Other TraumaRelated Syndromes | 133 |
The Role of a Trauma History in Pharmacotherapy | 134 |
Suspected Risk Factors for PTSD | 19 |
Chronicity of PTSD | 20 |
Trauma and the Risk of Other Psychiatric Disorders | 22 |
Summary and Conclusions | 25 |
References | 27 |
Longitudinal Development of Traumatic Stress Disorders | 31 |
The Phenomenology of Posttraumatic Disorders | 34 |
Design and Methods in Studies of Traumatic Stress Disorders | 49 |
Inferred Mechanisms | 58 |
Conclusion | 60 |
References | 61 |
Evaluating the Effects of Psychological Trauma Using Neuroimaging Techniques | 67 |
Paradigmatic Considerations | 68 |
Structural Neuroimaging Research | 70 |
Functional Neuroimaging Research | 74 |
Conclusions | 89 |
References | 91 |
Neuroendocrinology of Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | 97 |
Exploring the Meaning of Medication | 137 |
Psychosocial Versus Pharmacologic Treatment in TraumaRelated Disorders | 138 |
When to Consider Pharmacotherapy in Individuals With Trauma Histories | 140 |
Interpreting the Pharmacotherapy Literature in PTSD | 147 |
Subthreshold PTSD | 151 |
Review of the Pharmacotherapy Literature in PTSD | 152 |
Other Pharmacotherapies From Uncontrolled Trials | 162 |
Other Topics for Future Investigation Heterogeneity Within PTSD | 168 |
References | 171 |
Psychosocial Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | 179 |
Psychosocial Treatments for PTSD | 181 |
Clinical Application of Prolonged Exposure | 194 |
Decision Making Regarding Treatment Approaches | 197 |
Conclusions | 199 |
Afterword | 205 |
| 209 | |