Sub-Saharan Africa

Accra accumulation activities administration agricultural areas army bourgeoisie bureaucratic capital capitalist cent Charles van Onselen Chomo colonial commercial communities compound conflict consciousness crops Dakar dependent dominant economic effect elite employment ethnic European existence exploitation extract farmers farming foreign forms Ghana groups Gutkind Hausa household ideology important independence indigenous industrial institutions interests Ivory Coast Kenya Kwilu labour force labouring poor land Lumpa Mahdist Meillassoux middle class military mining mobility mode of production Mouride movement Mulele nationalist Nigerian officials opportunities organization party peasant period petty petty-bourgeoisie plantation political population position proletarianization recruitment relations of production religious resistance role rural Sandbrook sector Senegalese settler social South Africa southern Africa strategies strike action structure subsistence superstructure Tanzania trade traditional transformation underdevelopment unemployed union urban poor village wage labour West Africa women workers Zambia