The Chromatic Fourth During Four Centuries of MusicThe "Chromatic Fourth" is a musical pattern of six notes moving by step up or down the scale. In this essentially practical study Peter Williams draws on his extensive knowledge of the music of four centuries to investigate and analyze over 200 examples taken from composers ranging from Bach to Bartók, and from Schubert to Shostakovich. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Madrigals Songs and Sacred Music | 13 |
Pavanes and Fantasias | 38 |
Laments and Operas | 59 |
J S Bach | 82 |
Handel to Haydn | 109 |
Mozart | 130 |
Beethoven | 148 |
Pianists Violinists 9 Nineteenthcentury Stage Music | 197 |
Common terms and phrases
Affekt allusion aria Bach's bars bass line Cantata Capriccio century Chaconne chorale chords chro chromatic fourth chromatic fourth appears chromatic line chromatic motif chromatic phrase chromatic tetrachord chromaticism composers conventional counterpoint countersubject cresc D minor descending chromatic fourth diatonic Don Giovanni earlier examples F minor falling chromatic fourth familiar fantasias figurae final flat major formula Frescobaldi fugue subject G major genre Handel harmony Haydn hexachord idea idiom Italian J. S. Bach keyboard kind lament later Ludwig van Beethoven madrigal matic fourth melody minor Fugue Monteverdi motet notes octave opening opera organ music organists original ostinato overture passus duriusculus pavane perhaps period Piano Concerto Piano Sonata piece Prelude Quartet Requiem rhetoric rising chromatic fourth semitones slow movement slurred solo song stretto string suggest Symphony tetrachord theme Toccata tonal tonic to dominant traditional variations Violin Concerto W. A. Mozart Wagner words