The Geologic Time Scale 2012F M Gradstein The Geologic Time Scale 2012, winner of a 2012 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Best Multi-volume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers, is the framework for deciphering the history of our planet Earth. The authors have been at the forefront of chronostratigraphic research and initiatives to create an international geologic time scale for many years, and the charts in this book present the most up-to-date, international standard, as ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy and the International Union of Geological Sciences. This 2012 geologic time scale is an enhanced, improved and expanded version of the GTS2004, including chapters on planetary scales, the Cryogenian-Ediacaran periods/systems, a prehistory scale of human development, a survey of sequence stratigraphy, and an extensive compilation of stable-isotope chemostratigraphy. This book is an essential reference for all geoscientists, including researchers, students, and petroleum and mining professionals. The presentation is non-technical and illustrated with numerous colour charts, maps and photographs. The book also includes a detachable wall chart of the complete time scale for use as a handy reference in the office, laboratory or field.
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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction | 1 |
Chapter 2 The Chronostratigraphic Scale | 31 |
Chapter 3 Biochronology | 43 |
Chapter 4 Cyclostratigraphy and Astrochronology | 63 |
Chapter 5 Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale | 85 |
Chapter 6 Radiogenic Isotope Geochronology | 115 |
Chapter 7 Strontium Isotope Stratigraphy | 127 |
Chapter 8 Osmium Isotope Stratigraphy | 145 |
vii | |
Abbreviations and acronyms | ix |
Chapter 19 The Cambrian Period | 437 |
Chapter 20 The Ordovician Period | 489 |
Chapter 21 The Silurian Period | 525 |
Chapter 22 The Devonian Period | 559 |
Chapter 23 The Carboniferous Period | 603 |
Chapter 24 The Permian Period | 653 |
Chapter 9 Sulfur Isotope Stratigraphy | 167 |
Chapter 10 Oxygen Isotope Stratigraphy | 181 |
Chapter 11 Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy | 207 |
Chapter 12 A Brief History of Plants on Earth | 233 |
Chapter 13 Sequence Stratigraphy and SeaLevel Change | 239 |
Chapter 14 Statistical Procedures | 269 |
Chapter 15 The Planetary Time Scale | 275 |
Chapter 16 A Chronostratigraphic Division of the Precambrian | 299 |
Chapter 17 The Cryogenian Period | 393 |
Chapter 18 The Ediacaran Period | 413 |
Front Cover | 437 |
The Geologic Time Scale 2012 | iii |
iv | |
Quote | v |
Chapter 25 Triassic | 681 |
731 | |
Chapter 27 Cretaceous | 793 |
Chapter 28 The Paleogene Period | 855 |
Chapter 29 The Neogene Period | 923 |
30 The Quaternary Period | 979 |
Chapter 31 The Prehistoric Human Time Scale | 1011 |
Chapter 32 The Anthropocene | 1033 |
Appendix 1 Color Codes for Geological Timescales | 1041 |
Appendix 2 Radiometric ages used in GTS2012 | 1045 |
Appendix 3 Cenozoic and Cretaceous Biochronology of Planktonic Foraminifera and Calcareous Nannofossils | 1083 |
1129 | |
Geologic Time Scale 2012 | 1145 |
Other editions - View all
The Geologic Time Scale 2012 Felix Gradstein,J.G. Ogg,Mark D. Schmitz,Gabi M. Ogg Limited preview - 2012 |