The Northern School and the Formation of Early Chʻan Buddhism

According achieve activities actually ANSWER apparently basis become beginning biography Bodhidharma body Buddha Buddhism called century CFPC Ch'an Ch’an Chapter characteristics Chinese ching completely consciousness contains contemplation death described Dharma disciples discussed doctrine early enlightenment enter epitaph essence existence fact false figure five four function fundamental given HKSC hsien Hsiu-hsin yao lun Hui-k'o Hui-neng Hung-jen important included indicate interpretation kenkyū known later listed maintaining manuscripts Master material means meditation mentioned metaphor mind mirror monk Mount Mountain Nature nonsubstantial Northern School occurs one's original passage perfect period practice present principle pure QUESTION reality realization realm reference religious residence sagacity says scriptures sense sentient Shen-hsiu shih space suggests Sūtra Tao-hsin teaching term thoughts tion Tokyo traditional transcendence translation transmission true ultimate understand wisdom Wu fang-pien Yanagida Zenshū