The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development: The Lessons of HistoryThe first part of The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development describes agricultural progress in Europe and the US since 1750, when modern societies began to develop and agriculture was an engine of growth. Since 1914, agriculture has experienced difficulties in spite of spectacular increases in productivity. This book also describes the beginning of agricultural policy during the Great Depression, and how it continued and developed in the EU and the US after World War II. Agricultural policy in the post-war period was built on the legacy of the past, and only in recent years have there been signs of fundamental reform. The second part of the book builds a model of the development process. The author emphasizes that it is not possible to explain development without looking simultaneously at the resources, technology, institutions, and attitudes prevalent in a country. The author develops a stage theory to identify the crucial factors driving economic development from period to period. |
Contents
Preface | 11 |
Economic development in the modern era | 17 |
Integration and trade | 47 |
Employment productivity and prices in agriculture | 73 |
Technological and institutional changes in agriculture 17501914 | 99 |
Agricultural reforms in Europe 17501914 | 123 |
Trade policy and agricultural performance in different countries 1815 | 151 |
Agricultural markets and public intervention 1914 1945 | 181 |
The determinants of agricultural development | 245 |
Agriculture in the early stage of economic development | 277 |
Markets and institutions for further development | 295 |
Economic policy intervention | 319 |
Agriculture in the developing countries after 1950 | 347 |
The lessons of history | 371 |
| 397 | |
| 405 | |
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agricultural development agricultural policy agricultural products agricultural reforms agricultural revolution agricultural sector animal production arable areas became bottlenecks Britain capital cent cereal common Common Agricultural Policy Corn Laws costs crops decline demand Denmark depends Depression developing countries domestic economic development economic integration especially European countries exchange rate exports factors farm incomes farmers farming system fertilisers France free trade GATT GDP per capita Germany growth rate higher impact important improved industrial products industrialisation industrialised countries infrastructure innovations inputs institutional changes international trade intervention introduced investments labour productivity land landlords large estates livestock production macroeconomic macroeconomic policy nineteenth century organised ownership peasants period population increase price level problems productivity increases protectionism real prices reduced relatively rural Russia Second World Second World War society specialisation stage started strategy structure supply tariff protection technological and institutional technological progress textile trade policy trend urban sector Western Europe world market prices