The Unresponsive Bystander: Why Doesn't He Help?

A. M. Rosenthal actually alienation altruism apathy asked BIBB LATANÉ bystander intervention candy chapter correlation course of action Cumulative proportion decide diffusion DIFFUSION OF RESPONSIBILITY dime discussion distress effect embarrassment emer expect experiment experimental explanation faced feel female fight fire frisbee gency girl helping behavior Hershey Company inaction individual injured woman interpret intervene intervention process jects Judith Rodin Kitty Genovese Latané less likelihood male minutes misinformer naive subject nonintervention norms noticed the theft observer Passive Confederate condition percent person pluralistic ignorance possible postexperimental interview present proportion of subjects psychological question questionnaire reactions report the emergency report the theft reported the smoke Richard Christie seemed significantly situation six-person smoke study social influence social inhibition socioeconomic class speed stander startle reaction stooge Strangers condition subway suggest TABLE take action tape thought three-person groups tion two-person groups unresponsive bystander variables villain waiting room