World Weeds: Natural Histories and DistributionResponsible for a high proportion of the world's crop losses, weedstake away food that the world badly needs. They decrease thequality and quantity of vegetable fibers, wool, and hides, andinterfere with fishing, irrigation, hydroelectric power production,and the movement of shipping vessels. In order to recognize thetrue magnitude of the weed problem, and to be better equipped todesign effective weed control methods, it is vital to identify andlearn as much as possible about the many different species of thisdestructive agricultural predator. The culmination of four decades of global research, World Weedspresents comprehensive and up-to-date information on over 100weeds--addressing recent changes in such areas as crop tillagemethods, herbicide use, and agricultural runoff. This monumentalwork, featuring a wealth of original data from the authors,provides extensive coverage of the known biology of each species.Each entry contains a full botanical description, plus importantdetails on habitat requirements and distribution, seed production,ecology, physiology, crop impact, and more. Generously suppliedwith dozens of unique illustrations and species distribution mapscovering over 100 countries, this definitive resource boasts anextensive multilingual index of common names, and a massivebibliography with over 3,000 references to facilitate furtherreading and research. World Weeds is a truly masterful referencethat will be celebrated by weed and crop scientists, botanists, andothers for years to come. |
Contents
Acanthospermum hispidum DC | 4 |
Achyranthes aspera L | 11 |
Aeschynomene indica L | 18 |
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds | 28 |
Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart Griseb | 37 |
Alternanthera sessilis L DC | 45 |
Amaranthus retroflexus L and Amaranthus viridis L | 51 |
Artemisia vulgaris L | 70 |
Ludwigia adscendens L Hara Ludwigia hyssopifolia G Don Exell | 442 |
Marsilea quadrifolia L | 455 |
Melastoma malabathricum L | 469 |
Najas graminea Del and Najas marina L | 494 |
OBLIGATE PARASITIC WEEDS | 511 |
THE WILD RICES | 531 |
Oxalis latifolia H B K | 548 |
Paspalum distichum L | 562 |
Asclepias curassavica L | 80 |
Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav | 86 |
Azolla pinnata R Br | 93 |
Boerhavia diffusa L and Boerhavia erecta L | 103 |
Brassica campestris L | 117 |
Cardaria draba L Desv | 135 |
Cassia occidentalis L and Cassia tora L syn C obtusifolia L | 158 |
Chenopodium ambrosioides L | 172 |
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L | 194 |
Cirsium vulgare Savi Tenore | 207 |
Conium maculatum L | 221 |
Corchorus olitorius L | 236 |
OBLIGATE PARASITIC WEEDS | 249 |
Cyperus brevifolius Rottb Hassk and Cyperus haspan L | 266 |
Datura stramonium L var chalybaea Koch | 273 |
Daucus carota L | 286 |
Drymaria cordata L Willd ex Roem Schult | 304 |
Elodea canadensis Michx syn Anacharis canadensis Planch | 329 |
Eragrostis pilosa L Beauv | 345 |
Euphorbia prunifolia Jacq syn E geniculata Orteg | 361 |
Hibiscus trionum L | 381 |
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk | 412 |
Lemna minor L | 433 |
Phyllanthus niruri L | 575 |
Polygonum aviculare L | 596 |
Polygonum lapathifolium L | 611 |
THE POTAMOGETONS | 625 |
Pteridium aquilinum L Kuhn | 649 |
Ranunculus repens L | 664 |
Rumex acetosella L | 683 |
Sagittaria sagittifolia L | 699 |
Scirpus maritimus L and Scirpus mucronatus L | 722 |
Senecio vulgaris L | 740 |
Setaria glauca L Beauv syn S lutescens Weig F T Hubb | 756 |
Sida rhombifolia L | 769 |
Sonchus arvensis L | 787 |
Spirodela polyrhiza L Schleiden | 802 |
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L Vahl | 812 |
Taraxacum officinale Weber | 828 |
Thlaspi arvense L | 843 |
Tridax procumbens L | 862 |
Ulex europaeus L | 880 |
Vallisneria spiralis L | 895 |
HY vii | 933 |
Common terms and phrases
achene AGRICULTURAL IMPORTANCE annual aquatic areas Argentina Australia Azolla barley beets biology biomass biotypes bracken branched Brazil buds campestris Canada cereals cm long Colombia common weed competition cotton crops cultivated dark density distribution dormancy dry weight emergence England fields Figure flower forage former Soviet Union fronds fruit genus Germany germination grass growing growth HABITAT harvested herbicides Honduras host Hydrilla increased India Indonesia infested inflorescence irrigation Japan kaber leaf leaves levels light lobes lucerne maize mature Mexico nodes nutrients officinale orchards parasite pastures perennial period petiole Philippines plants plants/m² populations potatoes principal weed produced reduced reported retroflexus rhizomes rice root rosette season seed germination seed production seedlings serious weed shoots soil sorghum South Africa Soviet Union soybeans Spain species spikelet stamens stems stolons studied sugarcane surface Taiwan taproot temperature Thailand thistle tubers turions United vegetables viable weed wheat wide winter Zealand