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Ham. I humbly thank you; well.

Oph. My lord, I have remembrances of yours, That I have longed long to re-deliver;

I pray you, now receive them.

Ham.

I never gave you aught.

No, not I;

Oph. My honour'd lord, you know right well, you did:

And, with them, words of so sweet breath compos'd
As made the things more rich: their perfume lost,
Take these again; for to the noble mind,

Rich gifts wax poor, when givers prove unkind.
There, my lord.

Ham. Ha, ha! are you honest?
Oph. My lord?

Ham. Are you fair?

Oph. What means your lordship?

Ham. That if you be honest, and fair, your honesty should admit no discourse to your beauty 21. Oph. Could beauty, my lord, have better commerce than with honesty?

Ham. Ay, truly; for the power of beauty will sooner transform honesty from what it is to a bawd, than the force of honesty can translate beauty into his likeness; this was some time a paradox, but now the time gives it proof. I did love you once.

Oph. Indeed, my lord, you made me believe so. Ham. You should not have believed me; for virtue cannot so inoculate our old stock, but we shall relish of it: I loved you not.

Oph. I was the more deceived.

Ham. Get thee to a nunnery; Why would'st

21 i. e.,' your honesty should not admit your beauty to any discourse with her.' The first quarto reads:-' Your beauty should admit no discourse to your honesty.' That of 1604:'You should admit no discourse to your beauty.'

thou be a breeder of sinners? I am myself indifferent honest; but yet I could accuse me of such things, that it were better, my mother had not borne me: I am very proud, revengeful, ambitious; with more offences at my beck, than I have thoughts to put them in 22, imagination to give them shape, or time to act them in; What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth and heaven! We are arrant knaves, all; believe none of us: Go thy ways to a nunnery. Where's your father?

Oph. At home, my lord.

Ham. Let the doors be shut upon him; that he may play the fool no where 23 but in's own house. Farewell.

Oph. O, help him, you sweet heavens!

Ham. If thou dost marry, I'll give thee this plague for thy dowry; Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Get thee to a nunnery; farewell 24: Or, if thou wilt needs marry, marry a fool; for wise men know well enough, what monsters you make of them. To a nunnery, go; and quickly too. Farewell.

Oph. Heavenly powers, restore him!

Ham. I have heard of your paintings 25 too, well enough; God hath given you one face, and you make yourselves another: you jig, you amble, and you lisp, and nickname God's creatures, and make your wantonness your ignorance 26; Go to; I'll no more of it: it hath made me mad. I say, we will have no more marriages: those that are married

22 [Than I have thoughts to put them in.] To put a thing into thought' is to think on it.'

23 Folio-way.

24 Folio-Go, farewell. 25 The folio, for paintings, has prattlings; and for face has pace.

26 You mistake by wanton affectation, and pretend to mistake by ignorance.'

already, all but one, shall live; the rest shall keep as they are. To a nunnery, go. [Exit HAMLEt. Oph. O, what a noble mind is here o'erthrown! The courtier's, soldier's, scholar's eye, tongue, sword: The expectancy and rose of the fair state,

The glass of fashion, and the mould of form 27,
The observ'd of all observers! quite, quite down!
And I, of ladies most deject and wretched,
That suck'd the honey of his musick vows,
Now see that noble and most sovereign reason,
Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune 28 and harsh;
That unmatch'd form and feature of blown youth,
Blasted with ecstasy 29: O, woe is me!

To have seen what I have seen, see what I see!

Re-enter King and POLONIUS.

tend;

King. Love! his affections do not that way
Nor what he spake, though it lack'd form a little,
Was not like madness. There's something in his soul,
O'er which his melancholy sits on brood;
And, I do doubt, the hatch, and the disclose 30,
Will be some danger: Which for to prevent,
I have, in quick determination,

Thus set it down; He shall with speed to England,
For the demand of our neglected tribute:
Haply, the seas, and countries different,
With variable objects, shall expel

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27 Speculum consuetudinis.'-Cicero. The model by whom all endeavoured to form themselves.

28 Quarto-time.

29 Ecstasy is alienation of mind. Vide the Tempest, Act iii. Sc. 3.

30 To disclose was the ancient term for hatching birds of any kind; from the Fr. esclos, and that from the Lat. exclusus. I believe to exclude is now the technical term. Thus in the Boke of St. Albans, ed. 1496: For to speke of hawkes; Fyrst they ben egges, and afterwarde they ben dysclosed hawkys.' And 'comynly goshawkes ben disclosyd assoone as the choughs.'

This something-settled matter in his heart;
Whereon his brains still beating, puts him thus
From fashion of himself. What think you on't?
Pol. It shall do well: But yet, I do believe,
The origin and commencement of his grief
Sprung from neglected love.-How now, Ophelia ?
You need not tell us what lord Hamlet said;
We heard it all.-My lord, do as you please;
But, if
you hold it fit after the play,

Let his queen mother all alone entreat him
To show his grief; let her be round 31 with him;
And I'll be plac'd, so please you, in the ear
Of all their conference: If she find him not,
To England send him; or confine him, where
Your wisdom best shall think.

King.

It shall be so:

Madness in great ones must not unwatch'd go.

SCENE II. A Hall in the same.

[Exeunt.

Enter HAMLET, and certain Players.

Ham. Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of our players do, I had as lief the town crier spoke my lines 1. Nor do not saw the air too much with your hand, thus; but use all gently for in the very torrent, tempest, and (as I may say) whirlwind of your passion, you must acquire and beget a temperance, that may give it smoothness. O, it offends me to the soul, to hear

31. See note on Act ii. Sc. 2.

1 'Have you never seen a stalking stamping player, that will raise a tempest with his tongue, and thunder with his heels.'-The Puritan, a Comedy. The first quarto has, I'd rather hear a town-bull bellow, than such a fellow speak my lines.'

VOL. X.

a robustious periwig-pated fellow tear a passion to tatters, to very rags, to split the ears of the groundlings who, for the most part, are capable of nothing but inexplicable dumb shows, and noise: I would have such a fellow whipped for o'er-doing Termagant; it out-herods Herod: 'Pray you, avoid it.

2 The first quarto reads, ' of the ignorant. Our ancient theatres were far from the commodious elegant structures which later times have seen. The pit was, truly what its name denotes, an unfloored space in the area of the house, sunk considerably beneath the level of the stage; and, by ancient representations, one may judge that it was necessary to elevate the head very much to get a view of the performance. Hence this part of the audience were called groundlings. Jonson, in the Induction to Bartholomew Fair, calls them the understanding gentlemen of the ground;' and Shirley, 'grave understanders.'

'No shows, no dance, and what you most delight in, Grave understanders, here's no target-fighting.' Sir W. Cornwallis calls the ignorant earthlings. I have not been ashamed to adventure mine eares with a ballad-singer,the profit to see earthlings satisfied with such coarse stuffe,' &c.— Essay 15, ed. 1623.

3 Termagaunt is the name given in old romances to the tempestuous god of the Saracens. He is usually joined with Mahound or Mahomet. Hall mentions him in his first Satire :

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Nor fright the reader with the Pagan vaunt

Of mighty Mahound and great Termagaunt.'

Dr. Percy and Dr. Johnson, misled by the etymology given by Junius, have made a Saracen divinity of Termagant; and Mr. Gifford inclines to this opinion in a note on Massinger's Renegado, Act i. Sc. 1. It appears more probable that our old writers borrowed it from the Tervagant of the French, or the Trivigante of the Italian Romances. A learned foreigner has said, Trivigante, whom the predecessors of Ariosto always couple with Appolino, is really Diana Trivia, the sister of the classical Apollo, whose worship, and the lunar sacrifices which it demanded, had been always preserved among the Scythians.' Quarterly Review, vol. xxi. p. 515.-May we not rather imagine that the Hermes Trismegistus is the deity meant; for Trimegisto and Termegisto are also names of this Termagaunt?

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Davenant has given the same etymology of Termagant, Ter magnus, i. e. Tpioμέyloroç. And resolute John Florio calls him Termigisto, a great boaster, quareller, killer, tamer or ruler of the universe; the child of the earthquake and of the thunder,

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