!

Mr. Morley, quoting Mr. Myers, says that there is nothing to show that Wordsworth had ever heard of Keats. This is certainly an error. Keats was present at the "immortal dinner," as Haydon called it, at Haydon's, where Charles Lamb behaved in a very "rumbustical" way, insisting on examining the phrenological development of an unfortunate wight, a stamp-comptroller, who, deeming it proper to talk to a poet about poetry, asked if Mr. Wordsworth did not think Milton a great poet, and followed up his inquiry by further demanding if Mr. Wordsworth did not think Newton a great man (I quote from memory, and do not pretend to verbal accuracy). See Prof. Colvin's 'Keats' in the "English Men of Letters" series, pp. 82, 83. Prof. Colvin adds that Keats saw Wordsworth often in the next few weeks. See also Lord Houghton's memoir of Keats prefixed to the "Aldine" 'Keats,' ed. 1876. Besides, Keats once recited to Wordsworth the hymn to Pan in the first book of Endymion,' and Wordsworth pronounced it to be "a pretty piece of paganism."

I think the story of Lamb and the stamp-comptroller, which is alluded to by Prof. Colvin, is told at full length in Mr. Ainger's Lamb' in the English Men of Letters" series, which is not at hand for reference. Ropley, Alresford.

JONATHAN BOUCHIER.

CHARLES OWEN, OF WARRINGTON (5th S. i. 90; viii. 355).—So long ago as 1874 Mr. W. H. ALLNUTT expressed an opinion-in which I concurred -that many of the works attributed to Dr. Charles Owen, of Warrington, were not written by him; in fact, that there were two Charles Owens, both being authors of Presbyterian sermons. I have now before me a copy of the 'Account of the Life and Writings of Mr. James Owen,' written by his son Dr. Charles Owen, which was published in 1709, and on the blank page at the beginning is the following note, which fully bears out MR. ALLNUTT's idea :

"Charles Owen, born in Montgomeryshire in 1654, settled at Bridgnorth over a congregation. He died 1712, wrote many pieces in defence of Nonconformity. Charles Owen wrote Scene of Delusions Opened,' 'Moderation a Virtue,' 'Moderation still a Virtue.' The above appears to have been written when the book was nearly new, but certainly not later than 1750. Is the writer correct? Was there a Charles Owen, of Bridgenorth, who died in 1712 ?

H. FISHWICK.

CHURCHES OWNED BY CORPORATIONS (7th S. vii. 248, 314).—It is perhaps misleading to English readers to hear that the city churches of Glasgow are the property of the Corporation. The Town Council possess these churches only in the same sense and to the same extent as every parish church in Scotland is possessed by the heritors of the parish—that is, in trust for the ecclesiastical pur

poses of the parish-and no use of them nor right
of property in them can be exercised without the
consent of the Presbytery of Glasgow. I doubt if
there is in Scotland any example of a church or
chapel possessed by a corporation similar to that
mentioned by J. E. P. as occurring at Bristol.
W. F.

There is no difficulty here. The insignia of the
INSIGNIA OF KNIGHTHOOD (7th S. vii. 309).-
Thistle with which Dr. Lees was invested were, of
course, those, whatever they may be (I do not
know, nor does it matter at present), proper to the
office of dean, not those of the knights. Y. S. M.
is correct in supposing that only a knight is com-
petent to receive an order of knighthood.
C. F. S. WARREN, M.A.

Foleshill Hall, Coventry.

SAMUEL PEPYS (7th S. vii. 81, 196, 274, 315).— On further examination of my copy of the 'Memoir,' I find that MS. corrections occur on the pages named by your other correspondents, as well as those which were first mentioned. That some of these were by the author's hand I feel quite sure, though this is a matter of opinion only, and cannot be settled ex cathedrâ. Others, on the other hand, are mere erasures or other corrections of a kind which does not offer sufficient individuality of feature to enable one to attribute them with certainty to the author, or, indeed, to any other person. But, seeing that they were all apparently executed at the same time as the first-named corrections, and with the same ink and the same pen, and are identical in the copies hitherto mentioned, there seems little reason to doubt that, if any, then all were made by Pepys himself. an expert would, perhaps, satisfy such doubts as The opinion of may be still entertained on this point by any correspondent. JULIAN MARSHALL.

MAGNA CHARTA (7th S. iv. 153, 191).—At the latter reference NOMAD, to whom my best respects answered, asks for my authority for the term "Duke are due for a private communication still unof Ireland." My authority, at second hand, is the British Museum, but really a facsimile published by the late Mr. Hotten, which, if correct, runs "Johannes dei Gr'a Rex Angl' Dux Hyb❜n Dux Norman'," &c. All other authorities seen by me read "Dom' or Lord," so if any one is now vending this alleged facsimile it should be revised. Roger of Hoveden, or Howden, however, tells us of a higher son John, and the following year constituted his claim, for in 1176 Henry II. gave Ireland to his said son John King of (or in) Ireland by grant and confirmation of Pope Alexander III. (Bandinelli); further, that in 1187 two legates arrived in England from Pope Urban III. (Crivelli), who died the same year, to crown John King in (or of) Ireland, which ceremony the judicious king, his father, postponed indefinitely. By this light

"dominus" means something higher than "duke."
At 7th S. iv. 301 we are told that the famous
charter was a "family affair," a sort of "got-up
job. No doubt these Norman barons intermarried
much among themselves, and naturally so, for they
were aliens settled among a hostile population; but
the combination is no discredit, for it was this sort
of family bond that ensured their success. No
mere personal interests are served by the trans-
action.
A. HALL.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &o.

The Earlier History of English Bookselling. By William
Roberts. (Sampson Low & Co.)

formation, derived in part with due acknowledgment
from N. & Q,' is given. We may note that Pharonnida,
not "Pharomida," is the title of Chamberlayne's poem;
should apparently be 1678; that Lust's Dominions,' ad-
that the date 1568 on p. 104 is obviously wrong, and
vanced as the title of a play of Marlowe's, has a super-
fluous s. As a whole, however, the book seems trustworthy
as well as agreeable.

Reminiscences of Two Exiles (Kossuth and Pulsky) and
Two Wars (Crimean and Franco-Austrian). By F. W.
Newman. (Kegan Paul & Co.)

PROF. NEWMAN is one of the few persons whose writings are always delightful, however much we may differ from him regarding the objects for which he is contending. He belongs to that select band, rare in any age and especially hard to meet with in the present time, who, while taking a deep and lasting interest in political MR. ROBERTS has written an entertaining and an instruc- questions, hold themselves aloof from party organization. tive book upon a subject which is practically new. Read-The ordinary man of the club, the covert, the Stock Exing the interesting matter he supplies concerning the change, or the workshop, finds it so very much easier to sale of books, it is pleasant to hear that the volume which let a compact organization rule him than to do the now sees the light is but a first instalment of a larger with his party. With Prof. Newman it is not so. It is thinking for himself, that he is never in disagreement work; and that, granted the encouragement which the present volume is sure to receive, a second volume, carryto such men as he that we are indebted for many of the ing the subject from the earliest portion of the past cen- higher thoughts which little by little sink down into the tury to the later portion of the present, and dealing in public conscience. Had we no detached thinkers of this addition with such subjects as catalogues, booksellers' order we should soon find ourselves the slaves of the signs, &c., will be issued. It is but natural that men who great parties, or, still worse, of the newspapers. deal with books should have not seldom more of a dis

tinctive individuality than those who deal in hosiery, shall we say, or farm produce. Many booksellers have been men of education and knowledge; not a few have been known as eccentric characters. It is, of course, difficult to decide what is a bookseller as apart from a printer such as Caxton, or a publisher such as Mr. Murray. Between the last named and the author there have been not seldom interests so divided as to lead to quarrels, and to satire such as that which treated as a redeeming trait in Napoleon that he hanged a bookseller. Houses, however, such as the Murrays, the Didots, and the Quantins attain a dignity distinctly historic. In the case of such names as the Etiennes, the Dolets, Caxton, the Alduses, &c., author, printer, and vender are fused so as to be only recognizable as an amalgam. There are second-hand booksellers also who deserve a book, or at least a chapter, to themselves. These also have their eccentricities and their claims. The man who recalls old Sams, of Darlington-a strange, covetous, and dangerous old Quaker, who vamped up Caxtons and Wynkyn de Wordes knew one of the strangest and, in a sense, most interesting and obnoxious old grubbers that ever lived. Mr. Roberts deals only with English booksellers, which is practically with English publishers, beginning with Caxton and ending for the present with Edmund Curll the infamous, John Dunton the eccentric, and Thomas Guy the philanthropic. Concerning our first booksellers, all accessible particulars have been collected by antiquaries such as Mr. Blaydes. In spite of the revelations supplied by the registers of the Stationers' Company, little can be learned concerning our Days and Marshes and other publishers of the sixteenth century. Not, indeed, until near a century later are satisfying particulars obtainable.

From such materials as he has at his disposal, however, Mr. Roberts has written a most entertaining volume, which we have read with singular pleasure, and commend to our readers. Tom Davies, one of the most interesting of English booksellers, is reserved for the following volume. Of the shops of booksellers in Little Britain and St. Paul's Churchyard or on London Bridge, of Tonsons and Lintots, and other like matters, much in

Prof. Newman's reminiscences cannot, we imagine, give perfect satisfaction to any single reader, though all will derive much pleasure from the lucid statement of those facts which tell in favour of their own conclusions. friend of oppressed peoples. When nearly every one in The professor has during a long life been the ardent England was careless as to the fate of Hungary he bravely pleaded her cause. violence and blood, striving for unrealizable ideas by a The "rebels" who served Kossuth were, he saw, not mere unreasoning men of course of present destruction, but patriots contending for the restoration of their historic rights. No Englishman has so full a knowledge of the picturesque and instructive friends have long regretted that he has never given us an history of the Hungarian kingdom, and Prof. Newman's Hungarian history. We have no book in the language on that subject worthy of comparison with what he could produce.

We find in Prof. Newman's pages some hard things said of English ministers; but, at the same time, one great act in our past which it is now the fashion to decry as a useless expenditure of blood and treasure is defined as a necessary act in the great drama of human progress. Russia in the author's eyes is the great enemy of liberty, and even Turkey ought, he would contend, to be supported as a check to the great "orthodox" despotism. At other times Prof. Newman has said sufficiently hard things of the late Emperor of the French. In the pages before us he appears in a more amiable light. We gather that the writer thinks that within certain limits he was a real friend of freedom. We trust that this little book will be widely read. It is as enthralling as a good novel. We wish, however, that there had been more personal details regarding his two heroes whose names figure on the title

page.

public life of the Prince of Wales is in these days any. THE Quarterly Review for April shows us that the thing but a sinecure, which, indeed, is pretty much what speeches. In Motley's 'Correspondence' we are introwe knew before Dr. James Macaulay edited the Prince's duced to an American diplomatist who had been a college chum of Otto von Bismarck, and who could "Boswellize" Thackeray, Macaulay, Carlyle, Brougham,

Lyndhurst, and other lights of the English world of letters, besides being able to tell us of the interest which his historical labours created in the representative of William the Silent. Mr. W. E. Norris's novels receive a careful analysis and a high meed of praise, while, to balance this very modern element in English literature, we are carried back in another article to the days of the "bright Occidental Star" and the ill-fated Raleigh, courtier, historian, poet, and discoverer.

THE Edinburgh Review for April discusses the execution of the Duc d'Enghein, and seems to divide the blame between Napoleon and Talleyrand as fairly as we are, or In Bryce's perhaps ever shall be, able to divide it. American Commonwealth'. the Edinburgh reviewer finds a book which cannot fail to be noteworthy in these days, were it only from the fact that it is "as little a manual of Home Rule as it is a plea for the maintenance of the Union." In The Centenary of 1789' we are shown the celebration of the triumph not of "the cause of liberty, but of democracy," though hopes are held out that "the sacrifices made by a great nation for a hundred years will not have been made in vain." If from the gloom of 1789 we turn to Cockburn's 'Circuit Journeys' we shall be able to scatter our dubieties to the winds at hilarious Edinburgh suppers and in pleasant strolls by the shores of Loch Fyne.

We have received as a specimen number of Poet-Lore (Philadelphia, Pa., Poet-Lore Company) Vol. I., No. 2, for February last, which contains about an equal amount of matter of interest connected with Shakspeare and Browning. The criticisms put forth on Rabbi ben Ezra,' by H. L. Wayland, are of a kind to which not a little of Mr. Browning's poetry naturally gives rise. The critic doubts, with Mr. Andrew Lang, whether it is "the essence of poetry to be cryptic." We should certainly share this modest doubt, so modestly expressed. Shakspeare studies are well represented by Mr. Parker Norris, under the heading 'Editors of Shakespeare,' in his sympathetic memoir of the late Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps and the equally sympathetic words of Prof. J. D. ́Butler (Madison, Wis.) and Dr. W. J. Rolfe, as well as by Mr. Wyman's continuation of his valuable 'Bibliography of the Bacon-Shakespeare Controversy,' which was commenced in and carried on through the columns of Shakespeariana down to December last. It will thus be seen that there is something for each of the two cults between which Poet-Lore is professedly dichotomized, but we do not seem yet to have reached the comparative study of literature, which likewise belongs to the programme of the magazine.

Shakespeariana (New York, Leonard Scott Publishing Co.), for the same month as Poet-Lore, Vol. I., No. 2 (February), asks whether the Browning cult will drive out the Shakspeare, and answers the question satisfactorily to itself in the negative. To our thinking there should be no question of driving out, the two cults being essentially different, yet perfectly capable of co-existence with benefit to literature. Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps receives in Shakespeariana his just meed of praise from the pen of Dr. H. Howard Furness, and Mr. Alvey Adee pleads for a reference canon of Shakspeare's plays as a great need of the day, while Helen Mar Bridges pays a tribute to the children in Shakspeare as by turns wise, witty, and lovable.

THE register of the parish church of St. Martin, Birmingham, 1554-1653, has been carefully copied, with the permission of the rector, the Rev. Canon Wilkinson, by the generous and devoted labour of Mr. Joseph Hill and Mr. W. B. Bickley. The handsome volume (pp. xvi, 266) includes not merely a transcript of the first register book of "Baptizings," "Weddings," and "Burialls," but

a valuable preface and list of the rectors from 1300, which Mr. Hill has carefully compiled from Dugdale, from the registers at Lichfield, and other sources. The transcript has been faithfully printed by Mr. W. H. Robinson, of Walsall, with "record" and "cancel" type, to show as fully as possible the exact state of the register books, and forming, as nearly as type can show, facsimiles of the entries. The volume has been issued by the Archæological Section of the Birmingham and Midland Institute. Only fifty copies, numbered and signed, have been printed for the subscribers, whose names are published, and the admirable volume is already out of print and rare.

THE ANASTATIC DRAWING SOCIETY has just issued its twenty-fourth volume, edited by Mr. W. G. Fretton, F.S.A., Coventry, the local secretary of the Society of Antiquaries for Warwickshire. The volume is a handsome quarto, in an artistic cover, with gilt edges, and contains forty-five quarto plates, with other letterpress descriptions of the various drawings. Many of the plates contain drawings of several objects, and every one is carefully and artistically drawn, and printed by the anastatic process. All sorts of remains, buildings, crosses, monuments, figures, costumes, furniture, sundials, stained glass, &c., from all parts of England, are drawn and described. A good index enables the reader to find every example easily. No member of the society need supply any drawing-personally or vicariouslybut every member subscribing half-a-guinea receives a copy of a volume which is original, artistic, and historic, and full of interest to all lovers of the past. The volume is printed and published by S. H. Cowell, Ipswich, and needs only to be seen to secure a large increase of members of so useful a society.

THE Rev. Joseph Eddlestone is engaged in copying and publishing the parish registers of Gainford and Durham. The volumes will contain the births, deaths, and marriages, and will be issued by Mr. Elliot Stock,

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices:
ON all communications must be written the name and

address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but
as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

THORNFIELD." At X. there are a pond and a stream" is correct, if not very elegant. Put it in the form of a question, and you will see the use of the singular verb is impossible.

W. ("There lived a singer in France of old," &c.).-Mr. Swinburne's allusion is to Rudel and to the Lady of Tripoli. See Mrs. Browning's Men and Women,' "Rudel to the Lady of Tripoli."

NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 22, Took's Court, Cursitor Street, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

EDUCATIONAL WORKS PUBLISHED BY
FREDERIC NORGATE.

A GRADUATED SERIES OF
GERMAN READING BOOKS.
Adapted for Schools and Private Tuition by
DR. C. A. BUCHHEIM,

Professor of German in King's College, London.

(I.) EASY GERMAN READINGS.

1. NIEBUHR'S GRIECHISCHE HEROENGE

12mo. cloth, 18. 6d. each,

SCHICHTEN. With Notes, Questions for Conversation, and AHN'S PRACTICAL and EASY METHOD

complete Vocabulary. Twenty-sixth Edition.
28. 6d.

12mo. cloth,

2. GOETHE'S ITALIENISCHE REISE. (Sketches from Goethe's Travels in Italy.) With Literary and Biographical Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary. Eighth Edition. 12mo. cloth, 2s. 6d.

of LEARNING the FRENCH LANGUAGE. (NEVEU'S Edition.)
FIRST COURSE. Tenth Edition.
SECOND COURSE. Sixth Edition.
The Two Courses, bound in 1 vol. cloth, 38.
Fifteenth Edition, 12mo. cloth, 18. 6d.

3. SYBEL'S PRINZ EUGEN VON SAVOYEN. BUCHHEIM'S FRENCH READER. Selec

With Notes, Genealogical Tables, and Index. New Edition.
12mo. cloth, 28. 6d.

tions in Prose and Poetry, with Notes and complete Vocabulary. Fourth Edition, Revised and Enlarged, 38. 6d.

"Dr. Buchheim's notes give all the historical and geographical in- LETTERS and CONVERSATIONS, for the

formation needed."-Journal of Education.

(II.) DEUTSCHES THEATER.

A Collection of Modern German Plays.

Part I.-Contents: 1. EIGENSINN.

2. DICHTER UND PAGE. 3. DER HAUSSPION. With Notes and Vocabulary. Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d.

Tenth

Part II.-Contents: 1. DER PROZESS. 2. EIN THEURER SPASS. 3. LIST UND PHLEGMA. With Notes and Vocabulary. Fourth Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d.

Parts I. and II. together in 1 vol. 48. 6d.

Part III.-Contents: DER GEHEIME AGENT. In Five Acts. By HACKLANDER. With Notes. Second Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d.

(III.) SCHILLER'S NEFFE ALS ONKEL. With Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary. Twelfth Edition. 12mo. cloth, 18. 6d.

Crown 8vo. 48. 6d.

(IV.) HUMBOLDT'S NATUR- UND REISE- I POETI ITALIANI MODERNI. Extracts

BILDER. Abridged from his 'Reise in die Equinoctial-Gegenden des neuen Continents' (Personal Narrative of Travel, &c.), and 'Ansichten der Natur." With Notes, Scientific Glossary, and Biographical Notice of the Author.

"Ranks far above the ordinary run of educational books....The notes and scientific glossary are written with great care and lucidity." Public Opinion. "We cordially recommend the book to schoolmasters in search of an entertaining and improving reading-book for the middle or higher forms."-Academy.

Fourth Edition, 12mo. cloth, 2s. 6d.

SCHILLER'S WILHELM TELL. In
German, with English Vocabulary by T. MATTHAY.

The PROMETHEUS VINCTUS of ESCHY. LUS. Edited from the Text of Dindorf, with English Notes, by the Rev. J. S. WATSON, M. A.

Eleventh Edition, 12mo. cloth, 38. 6d.

IHNE'S LATIN SYNTAX. A Short Latin
Syntax, with Exercises and Vocabulary, by Dr. W. IHNE.
Crown 8vo. 78. 6d.

APEL'S GERMAN SCHOOL GRAMMAR, The ODES of PINDAR.

according to Dr. Becker's Views. With a Complete Course of Exercises.-KEY to the Exercises, 12mo, cloth, 38.

Translated into English Prose, with Notes and a Preliminary Dissertation by F. A. PALEY, M.A.

London: F. NORGATE, 7, King-street, Covent-garden, W.C.