Environmental Impacts of Pasture-based FarmingRichard W. McDowell Focusing on the different types of pastoral farming and their impact on the environment, Environmental Impacts of Pasture-based Farming takes a broad view of the subject, whose treatment in texts is often biased towards confined animal or grain based systems. The text is organized into two sections, the first addressing issues facing environmental quality, namely soil, water and air quality and socio-economic impacts. The second section offers commentary on how pastoral sectors influence environmental issues. With highly tuned farm productive systems comes the risk of environmental impacts, and the purpose of this text is to highlight the areas in which these risks are associated and how best to mitigate them. An approach is taken that highlights these problems, but also keeps in mind that mitigation may be too restrictive on the farming system and make farming impractical. |
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Agricultural Research ammonia application areas Australia Australian Journal biodiversity Biology and Biochemistry border-check carbon catchment cattle concentrations contaminants dairy cows dairy farms decrease denitrification dung ecosystems effects effluent Environmental Quality erosion excreta exports factors faecal farmers farming systems feed fertilizer forage global grass grassland grazed pastures grazing lands grazing management grazing systems greenhouse gas Haygarth hydrologic increase infiltration inputs intensive irrigation Jarvis Journal of Agricultural Journal of Environmental Journal of Soil Ledgard legumes livestock management practices manure McDowell methane Methane emissions microbial milk mitigation Monaghan nitrate leaching nitrification nitrogen nitrous oxide nitrous oxide emissions Nutrient Cycling nutrient losses organic matter overland flow pasture phosphorus plant pollution potential rainfall rangelands Resources riparian sediment Sharpley sheep farming slurry Soil Biology soil quality Soil Science species stocking rates stream surface runoff swards tion toxic urine urine patches water quality Wilcock Zealand Zealand Journal