Emotion and AdaptationIn this work, Richard Lazarus offers a treatment of the psychology of emotion, its role in adaptation, and the issues that must be addressed to understand it. The work provides a complete theory of emotional processes, explaining how different emotions are elicited and expressed, and how the emotional range of individuals develops over their lifetime. The author's approach puts emotion in a central role as a complex, patterned, organic reaction to both daily events and long-term efforts on the part of the individual to survive, flourish, and achieve. In his view, emotions cannot be divorced from other functions--whether biological, social, or cognitive--and express the intimate, personal meaning of what individuals experience. As coping and adapting processes, they are seen as part of the ongoing effort to monitor changes, stimuli, and stresses arising from the environment. After defining emotion and discussing issues of classification and measurement, Lazarus turns to the topics of motivation, cognition, and causality as key concepts in this theory. Next he looks at individual emotions, both negative and positive, and examines their development in terms of social influences and individual events. Finally, he considers the long-term consequences of emotion on physical health and well-being, and the treatment and prevention of emotional dysfunction. --From publisher's description. |
Contents
Background | 1 |
The CognitiveMotivationalRelational Theory | 87 |
Individual Emotions | 215 |
Emotional Development | 297 |
Practical Applications | 385 |
471 | |
523 | |
539 | |
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action tendency adaptational encounter affect American Psychological Association analysis anger anxiety appraisal and coping appraisal pattern autonomic nervous system behavior believe biological blame causal Chapter child classical conditioning cognitive activity cognitive-motivational-relational companionate love complex concept context coping processes core relational theme culture depends developmental discussion distress ego-identity Ekman emotion process emotional development environment environmental envy evaluation example existential experience facial expression factors fear feel feeling rules Folkman function goal incongruence guilt happiness harm human implies important individual emotion influence involved Journal of Personality Lazarus learning Meichenbaum mood motivation negative emotions observed outcome person-environment relationship Personality and Social physiological positive emotions pride problem psychological psychopathology psychotherapy refer relational meaning relevant response result role romantic love sadness self-handicapping sense shame situation Social Psychology specific stress subjective theory threat tion tional trait type of ego-involvement unconscious variables well-being