Ecological MethodologyThis coherent text translates the methods of statisticians into "ecological English" so that students may readily apply these methods to the real world. Ecological Methodology, Second Edition provides a balance of material on animal and plant populations. It teaches students of ecology how to design the most efficient tests in order to obtain maximum precision with minimal work. The first part of the text focuses on biological and technical issues in statistical methodology. Students learn about advances that have been made in designing better sampling devices, along with the techniques and equipment used for sampling. The second part deals with creating solid statistical design, and presents all methods that are well-known to statisticians in a language and context that students will easily understand. |
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... proportions , the sample estimate of the proportion P is simply a = n where = Proportion of type X individuals p a = Number of type X individuals in sample n = Sample size The standard error of the estimated proportion p is from Cochran ...
... proportion of X types = Za Standard normal deviate ( 1.96 for 95 % confidence intervals , 2.576 for 99 % confidence intervals ) Sp = Standard error of the estimated proportion ( equation [ 8.13 ] ) f = Sampling fraction = n / N - 4 = 1 ...
... proportion of x - types in each of the strata from equation ( 8.12 ) . Then we have for the stratified mean proportion , ØST = Σ NnPh N where PST = Stratified mean proportion Nn = Size of stratum h h Ph = Estimated proportion for ...