Bulletin (United States. Office of Experiment Stations). no. 52, 1898, Issue 52U.S. Government Printing Office, 1898 |
Common terms and phrases
amount of nutrients amounts and fuel analyses Analyzed in connection average baking Beans Beef Beef shank beverages bomb calorimeter bone bread Butter C. D. Woods Calories Carbo Carbohy drates carbohydrates cent ref cent refuse cents a pound Cereals Chops coffee Composition assumed Corn meal cost per pound day in dietary dietary study digestible nutrients edible portion Eggs equivalent Experiment Stations Bul flour following table food purchased fuel value furnished grams of protein Heats of combustion important food materials Kind of food kitchen wastes Lard materials and table meals taken meat Milk number of meals Nutrients and energy nutritive ingredients Office of Experiment Percentages of total Pittsburg Pork Potatoes Rolled oats Round steak Shank Soup greens table and kitchen tein terial Total animal food Total cost Total number Total vegetable food Total waste U. S. Dept Veal W. O. Atwater wastes in dietary Weights and fuel
Popular passages
Page 8 - Since protein and energy are the essential features of food, dietary standards may be expressed in their simplest form in terms of protein and energy alone. Observation has shown that as a rule a woman requires less food than a man, and the amount required by children is still less, varying with the age. It is customary to assign certain factors which shall represent the amount of nutrients required by children of different ages and by women as compared with adult man. The various factors which have...
Page 45 - it would seem that either the fat is rendered partially insoluble in ether during the process of baking or that it has been volatilized. The fact that there is a very considerable loss in the fuel value of the materials in the bread, as compared with that of the raw ingredients before baking, indicates that the latter is the true explanation, for, if the fats had simply been rendered nonextractable their heat of combustion would probably have remained nearly unchanged, and there would be no such...
Page 8 - One meal of child ß to 9 years of age, inclusive, equivalent to 0.5 meal of man. One meal of child 2 to 5 years of age, inclusive, equivalent to 0.4 meal of man. One meal of child under 2 years of age equivalent to 0.3 meal of man. These factors are based in part upon experimental data and in part upon arbitrary assumptions. They are subject to revision when experimental evidence shall warrant more definite conclusions.
Page 8 - ... actually used. From the amount thus obtained and the composition of each material, as shown by analysis, the amounts of the nutritive ingredients are estimated. From these are subtracted the amounts of nutrients in the waste, and thus the amounts of the nutrients actually eaten are learned. Account is kept of the meals taken by the different members of the family, and by visitors. The number of meals for one man, to which the total number of actual meals taken is equivalent, is estimated upon...
Page 8 - The various factors which have been adopted are as follows : Factors Used in Calcul-ating Meals Consumed in Dietary Studies. One meal of woman equivalent to 0.8 meal of man at moderate muscular labor. One meal of boy 14 to 16 years of age, inclusive, equivalent to 0.8 meal of man. One meal of girl 14 to 16 years of age, inclusive, equivalent to 0.7 meal of man. One meal of child 10 to 13 years of age, inclusive, equivalent to 0.6 meal of man.
Page 17 - These factors are based upon the results of recent digestion experiments with men having a mixed diet, and while they are not to be taken as an exact measure of the digestibility of...
Page 45 - ... (heat of combustion) of the bread was considerably less than that of the materials. In our belief this tended rather to verify than disprove that an actual loss of fat occurs in the process of baking, and that the loss is much greater than was formerly supposed. In Miss Bevier's opinion "it would seem that either the fat is rendered partially insoluble in ether during the process of baking or that it has been volatilized. The fact that there is a very considerable loss in the fuel value of the...