bishop to act the fcandalous part he did, by promifing, to marry his niece as foon as the queen was divorced. In the management of this affair several of the prelates in his dominions concurred: 860 but, while it was depending, both the queen, and duke Hubert her brother, made their escape into France, where they, were received and protected by Charles the Bald; and it was this that engaged Lothaire to purchase the friendship of his brother at fo dear a rate. The infolence of the Bretons at length enraged Charles fo much, that, having procured from his brother Lewis, for a fum of money, a body of Saxon horfe, he made an irruption into Bretagne; and, having engaged the army of Solomon two days fucceffively, was at length forced to retreat, with the lofs of the best part of his army: he found means, however, to draw over, or rather to retrieve, Robert le Fort, that is the Stout, or the ftrong, who commanded Solomon's army, efteemed one of the greatest captains of that age, upon whom he bestowed the dutchy of France, comprehending the country between the Seine and Loire, by which we are to understand he made him go vernor of this province, with the title of duke. We shall hereafter fee what the confequences were of this act of royal policy and bounty, The wrong turn his affairs had taken in Bretagne, difabled Charles from attacking the Normans with his own troops; but what he wanted in force he supplied by addrefs. He was informed that Wailand, a famous Norman pirate, was returned from England, and bad taken his winter quarters on the

banks of the Soane; but, not having it in his power to expel him, he thought it beft to diffemble it, as he likewife did his pillaging the country of Terouenne. This famous free-booter had formerly offered him his fervice, to diflodge his countrymen upon the Seine, for three thousand pounds of filver, which propofition the king rejected, not having the money to give. He thought proper to renew the negociation at this juncture; notwith ftanding Wailand raised his price, and demanded peremptorily five thousand pounds of filver, which the king, with great difficulty, raifed and gave him. In confequence of this fubfidy, he, with a fleet of two hundred and fixty fail, came up the Seine, and attacked the Normans in the island of Oifelle, who, after a long and obftinate resistance, were compelled to. capitulate; and hav ing paid fix thousand pounds of gold and filver, by way of ransom, had leave to go and join those who, had reduced them. This produced a new mischief, for they still fhewed no inclination to depart and the king, infenfible of the miferies to which his fubjects were expofed, employed all his thoughts on the base project he had formed of defpoiling his nephew, the king of Provence, a weak and infirm prince, of his dominions, in which, however, he failed; 86r and then thought, by denying it, to deceive the world, in which he had as little fuccefs. At his return, he attempted and executed a scheme he had formed against the Normans, whom he reduced to fuch diftrefs, that they were forced to capitulate, and give him hostages to depart the kingdom.

They

They executed this treaty but indifferently, fince a great part of them entered into the fervice of the king of Bretagne.. Upon this Charles, by the advice of count Robert, recalled Wailand, and, for fix thousand pounds in goid, engaged him and his followers to enter into his fervice. Count Robert had likewife the good fortune to defeat the Normans, in the fervice of the king of Bretagne, finking twelve of their fhips, and putting all who were on board them to the fword. Thefe fucceffes might have put it in the king's power to have restored his authority, and his affairs; but now the troubles in his family began. His daughter Judith had espoused Ethelwolf, king of the Weft Saxons; and, after his deceafe, to the fcandal of all the Chriftian world, he became the wife of his eldest fon Ethelbald; and he being also dead, the returned to the court of her father, ftill a young woman, and full of amorous inclinations. This put her upon running away with Baldwin, forrester of Flanders, with the privity of her eldest brother Lewis. This drew the difpleasure of the king both upon her and the prince, who thereupon fled into Bretagne, where he married without his father's confent, in which he was imitated by his brother Charles, king of Aquitaine. In

thefe misfortunes he was not 863 alone; his brother, Lewis the

German, being rather more perplexed by his fon Carloman, who revolted and fubmitted feveral times, but not without creating great prejudices to the realm of Germany, and the French empire.

The affair of the king of Lorrain May, 1763.

broke out again with fresh violence: he caufed one affembly of bifhops to be held at Aix-la-Chapelle, in which the archbishops of Cologne and Treves prefided; and, having procured their confent, he wrote to the Pope to approve his marriage with Walrade, which he took care to folemnize before he received an anfwer. The Pope Nicholas I. fent two legates to hold a council at Metz, in which this affair was to be finally determined; and, in their paffage through France, they de livered Charles the Bald a letter from the Pope, intreating him to pardon Baldwin and his daughter, which he did; and the marriage being celebrated, he bestowed upon his fon in law the county of Flanders. Thefe legates had other letters alfo to deliver, which they fuppreffed, being corrupted by the king of Lorrain. In confequence of this, they confirmed all that had been done in the affembly at Aix-laChapelle, and, in hopes of deceiving the Pope, the archbishops of Cologne and Treves were fent to make a report to him of the whole bufinefs. He was previously informed by Charles the Bald, and was fo much provoked, that, by a council held at Rome, the council of Metz was declared a wicked affembly, and both the archbishops depofed. Thefe prelates fled to the emperor, and gave him fuch an account of the matter, that he went to Rome with a body of troops, entered it in a hoftile manner, and kept the Pope hut up in the church of St. Peter forty-eight hours, without meat or drink. At length he was fo far pacified as to admit of an interview, in which, being informed of the truth, he ordered the two Gg prelates

prelates to quit his dominions immediately. About this time died Charles, king of Provence; and, after fome difturbance, the emperor and the king of Lorrain divided his dominions between them. Charles the Bald, being now fomewhat at eafe, obliged the king of Bretagne to do him homage; after which he marched with a great army into Aquitaine, and compelled his fon Charles to fubmiffion. The Normans in the mean time, with Pepin at their head, penetrated as far as Clermont, in Auvergne, from whence, though with fome difficulty, they made their retreat to the coaft; in which, however, Pepin was taken, and carried to his

uncle. As he was in the habit of a Norman, and there were fome fufpicions of his having apoftatized, the nobility and prelates of Aquitaine made no fcruple of condemning him to death. His uncle, however, fent him to the caftle of Senlis, where he spent the remainder of his days under a gentle confinement. His fucceffor Charles, king of Aquitaine, being in his father's court, involved himself in fome foolish quarrel, in which receiving a cut over the head, he languished for fome time, and then died, leaving behind a very indifferent reputation, and no issue by the widow he married.

[To be continued.]

THE ftatute 31 Geo. II. for regulating the price of bread, &c. being deficient in feveral of the provifions thereby made, when an afize of bread is not fet purfuant to the faid act: for remedy thereof, After May 1, 1763, although no afize of bread fall be fet in purfuance of the faid act, no bread called in that act affixe loaves, and the weight of which varies according to the variation of the price of grain; and bread called in the faid act prized loaves, the price of which varies according to the variation of the price of grain (that is to fay, no aflize loaves of the price of 3d. and prized loaves called half quartern loaves; nor affize loaves at 6d. and prized quartern loaves; nor affize loaves at 12d. and prized halfpeck leaves; nor aflize loaves at

184. and prized peck loaves) fhall,

at the fame time, in any place be made for fale, or be offered or expofed for or to fale, or allowed to be fold; that unwary perfons may not be prejudiced by buying affize loaves for prized loaves, or prized loaves for affize loaves; on pain of forfeiting not exceeding 40s. nor less than 10s.

Juftices, at any general, quarter, or petty fellion, may appoint which of the forts of affize or prized loaves, and what other forts of bread, and of what grain, fhall be made for fale; cauting an entry to be made of fuch orders; which fhall be free for inspection; and a copy thereof thall be fet up in fome market, or other public place; or published in the country news-papers.

Juftices fhall not allow the mak

ing for fale, or felling, any affize bread made of the flour or meal of wheat, other than wheaten and houshold bread, and loaves of white bread of the price of zd. or under.

A like proportion, as to weight, fhall be kept between the white and wheaten bread, and the wheaten and hou hold affize bread; that is to fay, every white loaf of the price of zd, or under, fhall always weigh three parts in four of the weight of the beaten loaf of the like price, as near as may be; and every wheaten affize loaf of whatsoever price, fhall weigh three parts in four of the weight of every houshold affize loaf of the like price; and: every houshold affize loaf fhall weigh one third part more than every wheaten affize loaf of the like price: every perfon who fhall make for fale, fell, or offer for fale, or have in cuftody for fale, any loaf, in which the faid proportions or regulation fhall not be obferved, as near as may be, fhall, on conviction, for every fuch offence, forfeit a fum not exceeding 40s.

A proportion in the price fhall be kept in the peck loaf, and half peck, and its other fubdivifions, both in the wheaten and in houf hold bread; and the houshold shall be one fourth cheaper than the wheaten, on penalty of forfeiting not exceeding 49s. nor less than

LOS.

Every peck loaf fhall weigh, in Averdupois weight, 17 lb. 6 oz. every half peck loaf, 81b. 110Z, every quarter of a peck loaf, 41. sioz. and every half quarter of a peck loaf, zlb. 2oz. on pain of forfeiting, not exceeding 5s. nor lefs than is. for every ounce wanting in the weight; nor exceeding 25.

6d. nor lefs than 6d. for all under 1 oz. the fame to be weighed before a juftice, within 24 hours after being baked, fold, or expofed to fale, &c. if within any city, towncorporate, &c. or within the Bills of Mortality; and in other places, within three days; unless fuch deficiency fhall be fatisfactorily accounted for.

Bread of an inferior quality to wheaten, fhall not be fold at a higher price than the houfhold; on pain of forfeiting not exceeding

20S.

A large Roman (W) fhall be imprinted on all wheaten bread made for fale; and a large Roman (H) on all houthold bread; on pain of forfeiting not exceeding 40s. nor less than 10s. unless fuch omiffion fhall be fatisfactorily accounted for.

Bread made of any other grain than wheat, fhall be impreffed with fuch letters as the juftices fhall order; they caufing an entry to be made of fuch order, in a book kept for that purpofe; which fhall be free for infpection; and a copy thereof fhall be fet up in fome market, or other public place, or published in the country news papers. Where the juftices neglect to make fuch order, the maker fhall make every fuch loaf with any two diftinét capital letters; on pain of forfeiting not exceeding 40s. nor less than 5s. for every fuch unmarked loaf. Juftices and peaceofficers (authorifed by warrant of a juftice) may enter the houfes of bakers, and fearch for, examine, and weigh all bread made for, or expofed to fale, &c. and bread found defective in the weight, or not duly marked, or wanting in due baking, or goodness, or being fraudulently Ggz

mixt,

mixt, &c. may be feized and given to the poor, unless fuch default fhall be fatisfactorily accounted for; and the maker and feller hall alfo forfeit not exceeding 51. nor less than 20s. for every fuch offence, unless the default fhall be fatisfactorily accounted for.

The penalty of oppofing any legal fearch, view, weighing, trying, or feizing of bread, fhall not exceed 40s. nor be less than 20s. * No miller, mealman, or baker, fhall act as a justice in the execution of this act, on penalty of 50l., A baker making it appear, that any offence for which he fhall have paid the penalty, was occafioned by the neglect or default of his fervant, the juftice fhall iffue his warrant for bringing the offender before him; and on conviction, shall order a fum to be paid by way of fatisfaction; and on non-payment thereof, fhall commit fuch fervant to hard labour,

for any time not exceeding one month, unless payment shall be made fooner.

[The other claufes of this act direct how penalties are to be recovered before juftices, and give perfons who deem themselves aggrieved by the determination of any juftice, a power of appealing to the Quarter-feffions; and all profecutions must be commenced within three days after the offence committed; and one moiety of all money forfeited, given to the perfon who fall inform against, and profecute to conviction the offender; and the other moiety thereof is to be applied as the juftice before. whom any offender against the act fhall be convicted, fhall order, ta carry into execution the purposes of the act, and to defray the charges attending the carrying the fame into execution.]

SIR,

YOUR Majefty's faithful and loyal fubjects, the lord-mayor and aldermen of the city of London, defire to be permitted to pay their humble duty to your majefty, and to exprefs their grateful fenfe of your majefty's gracious and benevolent attention to the welfare

of your people, in relieving them from the increafing burthens of a long and expenfive, though glorious and fuccefsful war.

They enter not into a particular confideration of the national advantages refulting from the treaty of peace which your majefty has been pleafed to conclude ; — these