A.

Algonquins, Historical and Mythological Tradi-

tions of the, with a translation of the Walum-

Olum, or Bark Records of the Linni-Lenape,

(E. G. Squier,) 273.* Aborigines of Ame-

rica, as found by the first explorers, 273;

uncertainty of the early accounts, 274;

importance of investigating their religious

dogmas and practices, ib.; the Walum-Ölum,

275; extent and mode of picture-writing,

276; Song I.-The Creation, (interlinear

translation,) 177; idea of a Supreme Unity

prevalent among the Algonquins, 181; gen-

eral traditions of the deluge, ib.; Song II.-

The Deluge, (ibid.) 182; Song III.-Migra-

tions, 185; Song IV.-The Chronicle, 186;

Song V-The Chronicle continued, 187;

Song VI.-The Modern Chronicle, 189

probable authenticity of these records, 190;

confirmed by the account of Heckewelder,

191; by the traditions of other tribes, 192.

American Ethnology, (E. G. Squier,) 385.

Comprehensive character of the science,

385; eminently an American science, 386;

results of Dr. Morton's craniological investi-

gations-essential homogeneousness of the

American race, 387; apparent diversities but

superficial-uniformity of general character-

istics, 388; concurrent testimony of other

writers, 389; conflicting hypotheses, 390;

philological researches-their languages sui

generis, and alike in their general structure,

ibid; their religious conceptions--general

similarity among all primitive races, result-

ing from common causes, 392; paucity of

results from psychological inquiries, 395;

peculiar moral and intellectual traits of the

Indian character, ib.; views of Dr. Von Mar-

tius-evidences of distinct psychological
character of the American race, 396; un-
soundness of his conclusions in respect to
their moral and intellectual capacity, 398.
American Indians, The, (Ka-ge-ga-gah-bowh,
a chief of the Ojibway nation,) 631.

Birth of Freedom, The, verse, (J. D. W.) 561.

C.

California, 331. Significance of our acquisi-

tions on the Pacific-a new centralization

of the nations of the earth, 331; reasons for

their remaining an integral part of the na-

tion--rapid communication by railroad and

telegraph, similitude of character, &c., 332;

will change the commercial relations of the

globe, 333; America destined to become the

centre of the world, physically and morally,

334; the Divine idea in history-disciplin-

ary education of the human race, ib.; grand

portents of the coming age, 335; Chris-

tianity the hope of the world, ib.; must be-

come an organic moral power in its his-

torical life, 336; futility of all other schemes

of social perfection, demonstrated by the

"age of reason," ib.; such a scene can

never be re-enacted, 337; the worldly, self-

willed spirit of the age, the grand obstacle

for Christianity to contend against, 338.

Carlyle's Heroes, (Joseph H. Barrett,) 339.

Charlotte Smith, sketch of, and review of her

works, (G. F. Deane,) 619.

Cheese of Vif, from the French of Marie Ay-

card, (Mrs. St. Simon,) 408.

Child, The, and the Aurora Borealis, verse, (A.

M. W.,) 498.

Collamer, Hon. Jacob, of the House of Repre-

sentatives, biographical sketch of, 202.

CONGRESSIONAL SUMMARY.-Meeting of Con-

gress-death of Hon. Dixon H. Lewis-Re-

port of the Secretary of the Treasury, 208;

Slavery in New Mexico, 210; Railroad

across the Isthmus of Panama, 211, 319;

cession of the Everglades of Florida, 214,

420; the Southern Convention, 313; Gov-
ernment of the New Territories, 318; the
Mexican Treaty-the Protocol, 320; Postal
Convention between Great Britain and the
United States, 323; Drainage of swamp
lands, 421; case of a New York Santa Fe
trader, 422; a new Department of the Gov-
ernment, ib.; Civil and Diplomatic Appropria-
tion Bill, 423; Slavery in the New Terri-

tories-debate in the House of Representa-

tives, 424; the Bill relating to California,

427; President Taylor's Inaugural Address,

428; List of the new Cabinet, 429; Called

session of the Senate-eligibility of General
Shields, 533; Prohibition of foreign immi-
grants to work the mines of California, 539;
Col. Fremont's Expedition, 540; Reception
of the Diplomatic Corps by the President, ib.
Convict, The, verse, (Anna Maria Wells,) 310.
CRITICAL NOTICES.-The American Almanac

-Law of Debtor and Creditor in the United
States and Canada, 104; Half Hours with
the Best Authors-Duff's North American
Accountant, 105; Calaynos, a Tragedy--
Image of his Father, and Model Men-Rob-
ert Burns--Duties of Attorneys and Solicit-
ors-Friday Christian--Whipple's Essays
and Reviews-Irving's Works--Wayland's
University Sermons--Read's Lays and Bal-
lads, 106; Child of the Sea, and other Po-
ems-History of Charles the First--Grey-
slaer-Minstrel Pilgrim-History of Con-
gress-Cowper's Poems-Gothic Architec-
ture, applied to Modern Residences, 107;
The Forgery-Romance of Yachting, 108;
Classical Works, 109; Music and the Dra-
ma, ib.; Sacred Poets of England-Whit-
tier's Poems, 220; The Gorgias of Plato,
327; Labor and other Capital-Legends of
Montauk-Chalmers' Posthumous Works-
Life and Landscape, by Rev. Ralph Hoyt,
328; Elementary Treatise on Mechanics-
Rhymes of Travel, &c., by Bayard Taylor,
329; Industrial Exchanges and Social Rem-
edies-Lord Mahon's History of England-
Macaulay's ditto-Guizot's Democracy in
France, 330; Poems, by William Thompson
Bacon, 434; Outlines of English Litera-
ture, 435; Noel's Essay on the Union of
Church and State-Gold Seeker's Manual-
California and Oregon Trail-Louis Napoleon
Bonaparte-Oregon and California in 1848-
God in Christ, 436; Catechism of the Steam
Engine Theophany, 437; The Spy; a Tale
of the Neutral Ground-Dahcotah; or Life
and Legends of the Sioux around Fort Snell-
ing, 648; Living Orators in America-The
Shakspearian Reader, 649; Adventures in
the Lybian Desert and the Oasis of Jupiter
Ammon, 650.

D.

Dangers and Safeguards of the Union, 111.
Elements which tend to union: 1st, unity
of language, 111; secures the general dif-
fusion and perpetuation of the ideas upon
which our institutions rest, 112; 2d, unity of
civilization-Americans everywhere almost
identical in manners and habits of thought
upon topics of common interest, ib.; 3d, unity
of interest-found in the closest and freest
intercourse of trade between the remotest
sections, ib.; 4th, unity of government-the
confederation of "78 not a government, but
simply a league, 113; it acted upon States,
while the Constitution acts directly upon the

people, ib.; State sovereignties indispensable
to the permanence of the Constitution-con-
trast of Russia, 114. Elements supposed to
tend to disunion: 1st, excess of party spirit,
115; party spirit itself the living principle of
our being and growth, ib.; excess of it but
temporary, passing off with the excitement
of the question producing it, ib.; 2d, nullifi-
cation, 116; the power of the majority a
sufficient corrective, ib; the rule of com-
pensation for inevitable local evils arising
from general measures, ib.; 3d, enlargement
of our territorial limits, 117; its evils gene-
rally obviated by the subdivision of sove-
reignties, ib; conditions upon which new
territories may be safely added, ib.; public
opinion will not permit a repetition of the
infraction of those conditions, ib.; 4th, sla-
very, ib.; the institution a local disease-not
vital to the general system, 118; does not
politically and directly affect the North, ib.;
should be approached with the law of kind-
ness, ib.; 5th, universal suffrage, 119; evils
arising from the injudicious exercise of the
right but temporary, and finally counteracted
by its moral effect in elevating the character
of its possessors, ib.

Dayton, Hon. William L., U. S. Senator from
New Jersey, biographical sketch of, 68.
Death of Shelley--a Vision, verse, (H. W. P.) {

530.

Dominican Republic in the Island of St. Do-
mingo, (S. A. Kendall,) No. I., 235. General
ignorance in relation to the Dominican Re-
public, 235; opportunities of the writer for
obtaining information, ib.; early history of
the city of St. Domingo, 236; its position,
ib.; remains of ancient edifices, 237; French
possession of the west end of the island, 238;
revolt of the blacks there in 1791-did not
extend to the eastern or Spanish portion, ib.;
the latter ceded to the French, and these
again expelled by the inhabitants in 1809,
ib.; independent government established in
1821, ib.; annexed to Hayti in the following
year, 239; compact of annexation violated
by the Haytiens, ib.; government overthrown
in 1843, 240; Constitution published Nov.
24th, 1844, 241; description of the country,
ib.; inhabitants, 242; general amalgamation
of the races, and its causes, ib.; creoles of
pure blood predominant in influence, 243;
rural population indolent, ignorant, and bigot-
ed, 244; mercantile more liberal and intelli-
gent, ib.; leading features of the Constitution,
ibid; citizenship--naturalization — political
rights-gratuitous public instruction--Cath-
olic religion, 245; Congress-its constitution
and powers, 246; executive power--mod-
elled upon that of the United States, 247;
the ministry, ib.; judiciary, 248; electoral
law, 249; imposts, ib.; jurisprudence, 250.

No. II., 368. Difficulties of the new gov-
erument-emission and depreciation of paper

currency, 368; commerce, ib.; exports, 369; |
deficiency of revenue, ib.; financial state-
ment for 1846-7, 370; low state of agricul-
ture-indications of its former prosperity, ib.;
inefficiency of free colored labor, and its
causes, 372; act of Congress for encourag-
ing immigration-failed of its object, 374;
opposition to the project, ib.; religious ob-
stacles, 375; feasibility of European colon-
ization, 376; practical operation of the con-
stitution-favorable as compared with other
Spanish-American Republics, 377; obstacles
in the character of the people, ib.; instances
of unconstitutional executive acts, 378; un-
favorable influences-want of nationality in
the constitution and laws, 379; the military
system-religious bigotry, 380; loose state
of domestic relations, 381; favorable indica-
tions-general interest in the cause of edu-
cation, ib.; readiness to copy after the better
established institutions of older countries, ib.;
respect paid to energy and industry, 382;
efforts to obtain recognition from other na-
tions-so far unsuccessful, ib.; prospects of
the permanence of the Republic, 383.

E.

Editorial Notices, 437, 548.
England, the Policy of, and its Results, (Henry S.
Carey,) 34. England the largest grain-export-
ing country in the world, by converting food
into manufactured products, 34; production
retarded in proportion to the cost and labor of
exchange, ib.; English idea of free trade, viz.,
forcing her colonies and other countries into
dependence on her manufactures, 34; object
of the repeal of the corn laws-a failure, ib.;
has always looked abroad instead of at home
for her prosperity, 36; immense waste of
means in consequence, ib.; practical results
of the separation of producer and consumer
-neglect of agriculture at home and exhaus-
tion of foreign dependencies, 37; the earth
the sole producer-man fashions the ma-
chine of production, ib.; the less labor be-
stowed upon fashioning the products, and
the more upon the machine itself, the greater
the return for labor, 38; shown by the ex-
ample of England, while English economists
teach the reverse, ib.; effect of the nearness
of a market on the amount of production, 39;
advantages of cultivation in small farms, ib.;
slowness of the adoption of agricultural im-
provements, 40; the return for agricultural
double that for manufacturing labor in Great
Britain, ib.; yet buys her food abroad, and
starves her population in manufacturing
towns, ib.; consequent dependence upon for-
eign countries, and demoralization and an-
archy of trade and commerce, 42; falsity of
the Malthusian theory, 43; present exhaus-
tion of England, following upon that of her
dependencies, ib.

Flower found in a Chest of Tea, To a, verse,
(H. W. P..) 407.

Freedom of Opinion, 551. Union of Church
and State impossible in a free nation, 551;
the creed of free states based upon observa-
tion of the moral necessities of men, and
hence progressive, ib.; men necessarily di-
vided in religious creeds resting upon faith-
easily united in the ideas of liberty, justice
and progress, resting upon necessity, 552;
unreality of these ideas to abstractionists and
demagogues, ib.; elevated aims and fixedness
of principle of the true republican, 553; the
triumph of obedience over the domination of
pride and will the grand idea of Milton's
works, ib.; variety of sect--its tendency to
dogmatic exclusion and intolerance, ib.; free-
dom of opinion a temporary refuge from per-
secution and the differences of creeds, 555;
never permits us to compel the adoption of
our principles by another, ib.; slavery—its
control and amelioration left by the constitu-
tion to those immediately concerned, ib.; two
sects have arisen subversive of freedom of
opinion, the one to extend, the other to de-
stroy this institution, 556; opinion usurping
and despotic when it seizes the weapons of
law to accomplish its ends, ib.; limits of the
right of opinion--slaves, criminals, children,
&c., debarred of necessity, 557; exclusive
right to political opinion conferred upon
those who are qualified to use it, ib.; freedom
of opinion a vital point of republican liberty,
558; impossible under a pure democraty, ib.;
the condition only of a free and intelligent
mind, ib.; not secured to the press in all
cases by freedom from restrictions, ib.; ten-
dency to confound liberty with license, 559;
no liberty apart from justice and truth, ib.;
the great conservative party of the Union-
freedom of opinion its fundamental doctrine,
ib.; American republicanism the golden mean
between the radicalism and despotism of Eu-
rope, 560.

French Revolution, Three Stages of the, (John
M. Mackie, A. M.,) 299. Louis Philippe the
king of the bourgeoisie, 299; definition of
this class-capitalists, small and large, 300;
overthrew Louis XVI., and alternately ad-
hered to and abandoned his successors, as

the interests of trade dictated, ib.; revolution
of 1830 made by and for the bourgeoisie,
301; Louis Philippe-his government no
improvement upon the former, ib.; main-
tained by blood and unlimited corruption-
wholly directed to the aggrandizement of
his own family, 302; opposition of the bour-
geoisie aroused, ib.; miserable condition of
the workingmen-their success a moral tri-
umph over physical resources, 303; opera-
tions of the republicans-made the Revolu-
tion, but lost its benefits for want of a leader,
304; first stage-the Provisional Govern-
ment-its composition a compromise between
the higher and lower classes, 305; its imbe-
cility in the midst of discordant elements, ib.;
total derangement of the finances--want of
energy to meet the crisis, 306; magnificent
promises to the working classes-the na-
tional workshops, 307; insurrection of June
caused by their inevitable closure, ib.; gene-
ral policy negative and time-serving, 308;
second stage-meeting of the Constituent
Assembly, a restoration of the bourgeoisie,
ib.; popular rights reduced to the old stand-
ard, ib.; the Constitution-restoration of the
monarchy under a republican guise, 309;
concentrates the powers of the Government
in a single irresponsible Assembly, 358;
danger from the absence of local checks, ib.;
feasibility of more popular institutions-a
skeleton of them already in existence, 359;
sketch of the local jurisdictions, ib.; despotic
powers of the President and Council over
local elections, 361; Proudhon and the Social-
ists in favor of a still more consolidated gov-
ernment, ib.; third stage-restoration of the
Bonapartes, 362; signification of the election
of Louis Napoleon, ib.; its cause-enthusias-
tic recollection of Bonaparte and the Empire,
363; political effect of the election-a new
historical era, ib.; based upon the attachment
of the French peasantry-the most reliable
portion of the population, 364; probable
course of the new party--will overthrow the
Constitution lawfully or by force, ib.; want
of political convictions in France, 365; her
immediate future in the hands of her new
chief, 366; is he competent to the task? 367.

G.

Giaffer al Barmeki, verse, 384.

Gold Hunting in California in the Sixteenth
Century, (E. G. Squier,) 84.

H.

Hunt, Hon. Washington, sketch of his life and
services, 522.
Handel and his "Messiah," review, (G. A.
Macfarren,) 135.

I.

Idioms and Provincialisms of the English Lan-
guage, review, 251.

Imitated from Fletcher, verse, 560.
Introductory to the Year 1849, 1.
Innocence, The Vale of, verse, (J. D. W.,) 81.
M.

Macaulay's Essays, review, 499.
Martineau, Miss, on Education, review, 604.
Middle-Asiatic Theology, (J. D. W.,) 71. Im-
perfect development of the arts and sciences
in India, 71; Hindoo writings, 72; systems
of philosophy, ib. ; analysis, 73; doctrine of
the Buddhists--all things begin and end in
nothing, 74; gross idolatry resulting from
this notion, ib.; opposing system of Gau-
tama-distinguishes between soul and body,
ib.; recognizes the true idea of Divinity,
75; theological system, called Vedanta-the
Supreme pure essence-nature an appear-
ance, or delusion, ib. ; the Vedanta Sara-its
idea of salvation-absorption in contempla-.
tion of the Ineffable, ib.; mixture of actual
vice and apparent piety in their sacred books,
76; the Divinity one with life, ib. ; opposed
to the orthodox doctrine, ib.; three different
notions of divinity held by Hindoos, the na-
tural, the pantheistic, and the ideal, 77;
fatalism of the Hindoos, 78; the eternal war
between Siva and Vishnu, or death and life,
ib.; worship of the two principles, ib.; the Mi-
mansa, or method of interperting mysteries,
79; the Hindoo mythology, ib.; idolatry a
corruption of Brahminism, 80; heathenism
-its various forms, resulting from as many
false philosophies, ib.

Mozart, review, (G. A. Macfarren,) 44.

N.

National Finance, a Plan for Improving the,
(Ammiel J. Willard, Esq.,) 193. Disas-
trous condition of our financial interests,
brought about by radical theorists, 193; the
sub-treasury-its origin--acts as a depletive
when a restorative is needed, 194; the rem-
edy proposed-establishment of a sound na-
tional currency, ib.; the Free Banking sys-
tem of New York-the best yet devised for
the security of the bill-holder-outline of its
organization, 195; application of the prin-
ciple to the finances of the general govern-
ment, 196; would not materially alter the
present organization of the Treasury de-
partment, ib.; advantages to the govern-
ment and the community at large, 197;
anarchy of business, caused by the hoarding
of specie in the sub-treasury, ib.; produces
sudden contractions and expansions, 198;
makes the interests of government hostile to
those of private individuals, 199; want of a

national currency-an unobjectionable one
offered by the plan proposed, ib.; safety of
this system, 200; would retain specie in its
legitimate channels, 201.

0.

Ohio Legislature, Organization of the, 290.
A new apportionment required by the Consti-
tution every four years, 290; no difficulty
arising from this until 1836, ib.; the gerry-
mandering system introduced in that year
by the Democracy, ib.; the House carried
by the Whigs in 1843, and a just apportion-
ment partially restored, 291; apportionment
of 1848-passes the Senate in the form of a
compromise-amended in the House-with-
drawal of Democratic senators to prevent a
quorum to act upon the amendments, ib. ; the
House recedes from its amendments, and the
bill becomes a law, 292; the Democracy
declare the action unconstitutional-call a
State Convention, and pass resolutions deny-
ing the existence of any apportionment law,
&c., ib. ; election in Hamilton county-the
law set aside by the Democracy, 293; their
candidates returned by a minority of the
canvassers, 294; meeting of the House-
double organization, ib.; constitutionality of
the law acknowledged by the Democratic
members taking their seats, 295; argument
for, ib.; anarchical course of the Democracy
in preventing a legal decision of the ques-
tion, 297; their revolutionary purposes, ib.
Origin of the Two Parties: Contrast of their
Doctrine-Speech of Mr. John P. Kennedy,
at Hagarstown, Md., September 27, 1848, 6;
Every power in a state must be represented
in its government-hence, "universal suf-
frage" among a free people, a growth of
necessity, 6; the Whig Party-its general
principles, ib.; needs no new platform every
fourth year, 7; owes its origin to the early
contests in England for popular rights, ib. ;
the Declaration of Independence its mani-
festo in the same quarrel in this country, ib. ;
the veto supposed to have been suppressed
by the establishment of our independence-
only allowed in the Constitution as its "ex-
treme medicine," 8; the Whig party re-em-
bodied by its abuse, ib. ; the old Democratic
and Federal parties-the question of Ex-
excutive prerogative the ground of their
division, 9; the doctrine of Jefferson that of
the modern Whigs, ib.; Locofocoism a step
beyond Federalism, ib.; the Baltimore plat-
form-opposition to a national bank, to inter-
nal improvements, to protection of home in-
dustry, 10; radically antagonistic to the old
Democratic party on all these points, ib.;
internal improvements and the protective
policy recommended and sustained by Jef-
ferson, ib.; the entire Democratic party
united in favor of the bank under Madison,

12; the first high protective tariff passed by
that party and signed by Mr. Madison, ib.;
Cumberland road and other internal improve-
ments warmly supported by his Administra-
tion, ib.; change of Constitutional principles
involves necessarily a change of political
faith, 13; did all the most distinguished men
of the country change their faith on the ac-
cession of Jackson? 14; Jackson's cabinet
composed of Federalists, 15; all the powers
of the executive exerted for the overthrow of
measures of the Democratic party, ib.; that
party revived under the name of Whig-that
of Democrat assumed by the Jackson party
under Van Buren, ib.; miraculous meta-
morphoses wrought thereby, ib.; the new
Democracy in a perplexity to find their prin-
ciples, ib.; persistent and boastful in their
support of the veto power, 16; that power
used by them twenty-three times in eighteen
years, and always for party purposes, ib. ;
most important measures carried by Exec-
utive dictation, ib.; the people intend to be
right, ib.; summary-necessity of every real
power in the State being represented in the
Central Power, 17; presidential power-
placed by the one above the legislative, as
the head of the party--considered by the
other as the head of the ascertained will of
the people, ib.; rights of conquest incom-
patible with a free government, 18; protec-
tion a silent war against a foreign monopoly
of our markets, ib.; its effects beneficial to
other nations as well as to ourselves, ib. ;
importance of extending facilities for internal
commerce, 19; policy of England, founded
by Cromwell, the basis of her wealth and
freedom, ib.; uses every effort to keep us in
dependence upon her commerce and manu-
factures, ib.; immense production of raw
material in this country, 20; our ad valorem
duties go up or down as the wires are
pulled by foreign capitalists, ib.; impover-
ishment of our farmers the necessary conse-
quence, ib.

P