Ultraviolet Radiation in the Solar SystemIn the history of science the opening up of a new observational or experimental window is always followed by an increase in knowledge of the subject concerned. This is also the case with the subject of this book, ultraviolet radiation (hereafter UV). In principle, the ultraviolet range might be just one more of these windows, of no particular importance. However, the energy per UV photon provides the main peculiarity, its magnitude being great enough to produce important ch- ical reactions in the atmospheres of planets and satellites, thereby a?ecting the transmission of this radiation to the ground. The Sun is the main natural source of UV radiation in the Solar System and our planet is the body where its in?uences can be best tested and the only one where its relation with life can be studied. However, the terrestrial atmosphere blocksmostofthephotonsinthiselectromagneticrangeandastronomershavehad to develop various techniques (balloons, planes and rockets) to cross this barrier and access the information. These tools have been used in parallel to investigate the physical properties of the terrestrial atmosphere and the interaction of its constituents with light. This book will addresses most of these topics. |
Contents
I | |
II | |
III | |
IV | 1 |
V | 5 |
VI | 6 |
VII | 10 |
IX | 13 |
CIV | 161 |
CV | 162 |
CVI | 163 |
CVII | 165 |
CVIII | 168 |
CIX | 170 |
CX | 173 |
CXII | 174 |
X | 14 |
XI | 15 |
XII | 16 |
XIV | 17 |
XV | 21 |
XVII | 23 |
XVIII | 26 |
XIX | 28 |
XX | 30 |
XXI | 33 |
XXII | 34 |
XXIII | 36 |
XXIV | 37 |
XXV | 39 |
XXVI | 40 |
XXVII | 43 |
XXVIII | 48 |
XXIX | 49 |
XXX | 54 |
XXXI | 56 |
XXXIV | 59 |
XXXV | 61 |
XXXVII | 63 |
XXXIX | 66 |
XL | 67 |
XLI | 68 |
XLII | 69 |
XLIII | 73 |
XLVI | 75 |
XLVII | 77 |
L | 79 |
LII | 80 |
LIII | 84 |
LIV | 85 |
LV | 87 |
LVII | 88 |
LVIII | 90 |
LIX | 92 |
LX | 95 |
LXI | 96 |
LXII | 98 |
LXIII | 99 |
LXIV | 101 |
LXV | 103 |
LXVI | 105 |
LXVII | 106 |
LXVIII | 107 |
LXIX | 108 |
LXX | 109 |
LXXI | 110 |
LXXII | 112 |
LXXIII | 116 |
LXXIV | 117 |
LXXV | 118 |
LXXVI | 119 |
LXXVIII | 122 |
LXXIX | 125 |
LXXX | 126 |
LXXXI | 127 |
LXXXIII | 128 |
LXXXIV | 129 |
LXXXVI | 130 |
LXXXVII | 132 |
LXXXIX | 134 |
XCI | 135 |
XCII | 137 |
XCIII | 138 |
XCIV | 141 |
XCV | 146 |
XCVI | 149 |
XCIX | 151 |
C | 152 |
CI | 153 |
CII | 154 |
CXIII | 175 |
CXV | 176 |
CXVI | 178 |
CXVII | 180 |
CXIX | 182 |
CXX | 183 |
CXXI | 184 |
CXXIII | 185 |
CXXIV | 188 |
CXXVI | 189 |
CXXVIII | 190 |
CXXIX | 191 |
CXXX | 192 |
CXXXI | 193 |
CXXXIII | 195 |
CXXXV | 197 |
CXXXVIII | 198 |
CXXXIX | 201 |
CXLII | 202 |
CXLIII | 203 |
CXLIV | 207 |
CXLV | 209 |
CXLVI | 210 |
CXLVII | 211 |
CXLVIII | 212 |
CXLIX | 213 |
CL | 215 |
CLII | 216 |
CLIII | 217 |
CLIV | 219 |
CLV | 220 |
CLVI | 222 |
CLVII | 226 |
CLIX | 227 |
CLX | 228 |
CLXI | 230 |
CLXII | 231 |
CLXIII | 233 |
CLXIV | 234 |
CLXV | 235 |
CLXVI | 236 |
CLXVII | 239 |
CLXIX | 240 |
CLXX | 241 |
CLXXI | 243 |
CLXXII | 244 |
CLXXIV | 245 |
CLXXV | 248 |
CLXXVI | 249 |
CLXXVII | 254 |
CLXXVIII | 255 |
CLXXX | 256 |
CLXXXI | 259 |
CLXXXIV | 260 |
CLXXXV | 261 |
CLXXXVI | 263 |
CLXXXIX | 269 |
CXC | 270 |
CXCI | 271 |
CXCII | 272 |
CXCIII | 273 |
CXCIV | 276 |
CXCV | 279 |
CXCVI | 281 |
CXCVIII | 282 |
CXCIX | 284 |
CC | 287 |
CCI | 288 |
CCII | 290 |
CCIII | 291 |
CCIV | 295 |
367 | |
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Common terms and phrases
absorbed absorption aerosols airglow altitude astronomical Astrophysical Journal atoms balloon biological bright chemical chlorine chromosphere clouds comets components concentration convection corona cosmic rays density dose Earth effects electrons emission emitted energy evolution extinction Figure flares Galactic Galaxy gases Geophysical Research global heating hydrogen images impact increase ionization ionosphere Jupiter latitude levels lines magnetic field Mars Martian mass Maunder Minimum measurements mechanism meteorites methane molecular molecules observations Observatory orbit oxygen ozone depletion ozone hole particles phase photochemical photochemistry photons photosphere planet planetary waves plasma polar vortex pressure processes produced radiative range reactions region rocket rotation satellite Saturn solar activity solar irradiance Solar System solar UV solar wind sources Space spectral spectrum stars stellar stratosphere sunspot supernova surface Table Telescope temperature terrestrial atmosphere thermosphere Titan troposphere ultraviolet radiation UV flux UV light UV radiation UV-B variability variation Venus visible wavelength X-rays