BIBLIOGRAPHY

[Modern works on Logic and Epistemology: M. Drobisch, Neue Darstellung der Logik, Leipsic, 1836, 5th ed., 1887; J. S. Mill, Logic, London, 1843, 9th ed., 1875; K. Fischer, Logik und Metaphysik oder Wissenschaftslehre, Heidelberg, 1852, 2d ed., 1865; J. Venn, Logic of Chance, London, 1866, 3d ed., 1887; same author, Empirical Logic, 1889; C. Sigwart, Logik, 2 vols., Freiburg i. B., 1873-78, 2d ed., 1889-93; Engl. transl. from 2d ed. by Helen Dendy, 2 vols., London and New York, 1895; F. Ueberweg, System der Logik, Bonn, 1874; W. S. Jevons, The Principles of Science, London, 1874, 2d ed., 1877; same author, Studies in Deductive Logic, 1880, 2d ed., 1884; also Elementary Lessons in Logic, 1870, and Pure Logic, 1890; H. Lotze, Logik, Leipsic, 1874, 2d ed., 1881; Engl. transl. ed. by B. Bosanquet, 2 vols., 2d ed., London, 1888; A. Lange, Logische Studien, Iserlohn, 1877; W. Schuppe, Erkenntnisstheoretische Logik, Bonn, 1878; E. Dühring, Logik und Wissenschaftslehre, Leipsic, 1878; J. Bergmann, Reine Logik, Berlin, 1879; W. Wundt, Logik: vol. I., Erkenntnisslehre, Stuttgart, 1880, 2d ed., 1893; vol. II., Methodenlehre, ib., 1883, 2d ed., 1894; F. H. Bradley, The Principles of Logic, London, 1883; A. Bain, Logic, Deductive and Inductive, New York, 1883; J. N. Keynes, Formal Logic, London, 1884, 3d ed., 1894; M. Veitch, Institutes of Logic, Edinburgh and London, 1885; B. Bosanquet, Logic, Oxford, 1888; B. Erdmann, Logik, Halle, 1892; W. Minto, Logic, Inductive and Deductive, New York, 1893; A. Sidgwick, The Process of Argument, London, 1893; T. Fowler, Deductive and Inductive Logic, London, 1895; J. G. Hibben, Inductive Logic, New York, 1896. - E. L. Fischer, Die Grundfragen der Erkenntnisstheorie, Mainz, 1887; Theorie der Gesichtswahrnehmung, 1891; A. Dorner, Das menschliche

Erkennen, Berlin, 1887; C. Stumpf, Psychologie und Erkenntnisstheorie, Munich, 1891; H. Schwarz, Das Wahrnehmungsproblem, Leipsic, 1892. K. Prantl, Geschichte der Logik im Abendlande, 4 vols., Leipsic, 1855-70; F. Harms, Geschichte der Logik, Berlin, 1881; L. Liard, Les logiciens anglais contemporains, Paris, 1878; E. König, Die Entwickelung des Causalproblems, 2 vols., Leipsic, 1888, 1890; E. Grimm, Zur Geschichte des Erkenntnissproblems, Leipsic, 1890.

Psychology, etc.: H. Lotze, Medicinische Psychologie, oder Physiologie der Seele, Leipsic, 1852, 1896; H. Spencer, Principles of Psychology, London, 1855; A. Bain, Senses and Intellect, London, 1855, 4th ed., New York, 1894; Emotions and Will, London, 1859, 3d ed., 1875; M. Lazarus, Das Leben der Seele, Berlin, 1856-57, 3d ed., 3 vols., 1884; G. T. Fechner, Elemente der Psychophysik, Leipsic, 1860; W. Wundt, Vorlesungen über Menschen- und Thierseele, 1863 (see p. 586); Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie, 2 vols., Leipsic, 1873–74, 4th ed., 1893; H. Maudsley, The Physiology and Pathology of Mind, London, 1867; W. Carpenter, Principles of Mental Physiology, 4th ed., 1876; A. Horwicz, Psychologische Analysen auf physiologischer Grundlage, 3 vols., Magdeburg, 1872-78; F. Brentano, Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte, vol. I., Leipsic, 1874; W. F. Volkmann, Lehrbuch der Psychologie, 2 vols., Cöthen, 1875, 4th ed., 1894; H. Steinthal, Einleitung in die Psychologie und Sprachwissenschaft, 2d ed., Berlin, 1881; J. Sully, Illusions (Int. Science Series), 1881; C. Stumpf, Tonpsychologie, vol. I., Leipsic, 1883; vol. II., 1890; Ursprung der Raumvorstellung, 1873; Th. Lipps, Grundthatsachen des Seelenlebens, Bonn, 1883; H. Höffding, Psychologie in Umrissen, tr. into German from the Danish, by Kurella, Leipsic, 1887, 2d ed., 1893; Engl. transl. from German, by M. Lowndes, London and New York, 1891; C. Lange, Ueber Gemüthsbewegungen, Leipsic, 1887; G. T. Ladd, Elements of Physiological Psychology, New York, 1887; Psychology, Descriptive and Explanatory, id., 1894; H. Münsterberg, Die Willenshandlung, Freiburg, 1888; Beiträge zur experimentellen Psychologie, 1889 ff.; G. Sergi, La psychologie physiologique, from the Italian, Paris, 1888; W. James, The Principles of Psychology, 2 vols., New

York, 1890; Th. Ziehen, Leitfaden der physiologischen Psychologie, 1891, 2d ed., 1893; Engl. transl., 1892, 2d ed., 1895; J. M. Baldwin, Handbook of Psychology, 2 vols., New York, 1891; J. Sully, The Human Mind, 2 vols., New York, 1892; A. Lehman, Das menschliche Gefühlsleben, Leipsic, 1892: O. Külpe, Grundriss der Psychologie, Leipsic, 1893; Engl. transl. by E. B. Titchener, New York, 1895; A. Fouillée, La psychologie des idées-forces, Paris, 1893. Experimental Psychology, by Cattell, Sanford, and Titchener. - Kussmaul, Untersuchungen über das Seelenleben des neugeborenen Menschen, Leipsic and Heidelberg, 1859; W. Preyer, Die Seele des Kindes, 4th ed., Leipsic, 1895 (tr. in International Education Series); Mental Development in the Child, tr., ib., 1893; B. Perez, Les trois premières années de l'enfant, Paris, 1882, 4th ed., 1888; Engl. transl. 1894; L'enfant de trois à sept ans, 1886, 2d ed., 1888; L'éducation morale dès le berceau, 1888; F. Tracy, Psychology of Childhood, Boston, 1893, 2d ed., 1894; J. M. Baldwin, Mental Development in the Child and the Race, New York, 1895. C. Darwin, The Descent of Man, London, 1871; Expression of the Emotions, 1872; G. H. Schneider, Der thierische Wille, Leipsic, 1880; Der menschliche Wille, Berlin, 1882; G. Romanes, Mental Evolution in Animals, London, 1883; Mental Evolution in Man, 1889; Galton, Inquiries into Human Faculty, London, 1883; Natural Inheritance, 1889; J. Lubbock, Ants, Bees, and Wasps, London, 1883; The Senses and Instincts of Animals, 1888; L. Morgan, Animal Life and Intelligence, London, 1891; Introduction to the Study of Comparative Psychology, 1895; Espinas, Animal Societies. H. Spencer, The Principles of Sociology, London, 1854; Th. Waitz, Anthropologie der Naturvölker, Leipsic, 1859 ff., 2d ed., by G. Gerland, 1877 ff.; J. Lubbock, Prehistoric Times, London, 1865, 5th ed., 1889; Origin of Civilization, 1870; E. B. Tyler, Primitive Culture, London, 1871; Anthropology, 1881; O. Peschel, Völkerkunde, Leipsic, 1874, 5th ed., by A. Kirchhoff, 1881; J. Ranke, Der Mensch, 2 vols., 2d ed., Leipsic, 1894. Griesinger, Die Pathologie und Therapie der psychischen Krankheiten, Stuttgart, 1845, 4th ed., 1876; Krafft-Ebing, Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie, 5th ed., Stuttgart, 1893; Meynert, Psychiatrie, Vienna, 1889; Lewis,

Text-book of Mental Diseases; Starr, Familiar Forms of Nervous Disease, 2d ed., 1891; P. Janet, L'état mental des hystériques, 2 vols., Paris, 1892-93; Ziehen, Psychiatrie; also Th. Ribot, Diseases of the Will, Diseases of Memory, Diseases of Personality, mentioned before; A. Binet, Les altérations de la personnalité, Paris, 1893. For hypnotism, see works of Charcot, Binet, Feré, Bernheim, Krafft-Ebing, Forel, Dessoir, Wundt, Schmidkunz, Moll, Gurney, Liégeois, etc. Histories of Psychology: F. A. Carus, Leipsic, 1808; F. Harms, 2d ed., Berlin, 1879; H. Siebeck, Gotha, 1880-84; M. Dessoir, Geschichte der neueren, deutschen Psychologie, vol. I., Berlin, 1895; Th. Ribot's works on German and English psychology of to-day (see p. 586, note 7).

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Ethics: J. S. Mill, Utilitarianism (cited p. 581, note 2); E. Dühring, Der Werth des Lebens, 5th ed., Leipsic, 1894; E. Zeller, Vorträge und Abhandlungen, 3 series, Leipsic, 1865, 1877, 1884; Bain, Mental and Moral Science (p. 581, note 3); P. Janet (p. 591, note 1); A. Barratt, Physical Ethics, London, 1869; B. Carneri, Sittlichkeit und Darwinismus, Vienna, 1871, 2d ed., Leipsic, 1877; H. Calderwood, Handbook of Morality, London, 1872; H. Sidgwick, Methods of Ethics, London, 1874, 4th ed., 1890; F. H. Bradley, Ethical Studies, London, 1876; R. v. Jhering, Der Zweck im Recht, Leipsic, 1877-83, 2d ed., 1884-86; M. Carrière, Die sittliche Weltordnung, Leipsic, 1877; E. v. Hartmann (p. 557); H. Spencer (p. 581); J. Baumann, Handbuch der Moral, Leipsic, 1879; B. Carneri, Grundlegung der Ethik, Vienna, 1881; Entwickelung und Glückseligkeit, Stuttgart, 1886; Guyau, Esquisse d'une morale sans obligation ni sanction, 2d ed., Paris, 1881: W. Schuppe, Grundzüge der Ethik und Rechtsphilosophie, Breslau, 1882; W. H. Rolph, Biologische Probleme, Leipsic, 1882; L. Stephen, The Science of Ethics, London, 1882; J. H. Witte, Die Freiheit des Willens, Bonn, 1882; T. H. Green, Prolegomena to Ethics, London, 1883, 2d ed., 1887; G. v. Gizycki, Grundzüge der Moral, Leipsic, 1883, 2d ed., 1889 ; Engl. tr. by S. Coit; T. Fowler, Progressive Morality, London, 1884, 2d ed., 1895; Fowler and Wilson, Principles of Morality, 1886-1887, 2d ed., 1894; A. Dorner, System der christlichen Sittenlehre, Berlin, 1885; H. Steinthal, Allgemeine Ethik, Berlin, 1885;

P. Rée, Die Entstehung des Gewissens, Berlin, 1885; S. S. Laurie,
Ethica, London, 1885; N. Porter, Elements of Moral Science,
New York, 1885; J. Martineau, Types of Ethical Theory, 2 vols.,
London, 1885, 3d ed., 1891; C. Sigwart, Vorfragen der Ethik,
Freiburg, 1886; W. Wundt (p. 586); F. Tönnies, Gemeinschaft
und Gesellschaft, Leipsic, 1887; H. Höffding, Ethik, German
transl. by F. Bendixen, Leipsic, 1887; F. Nietzsche, Zur Gene-
alogie der Moral, Berlin, 1887, 2d ed., 1887; J. G. Schurman,
The Ethical Import of Darwinism, New York, 1887; G. Rümelin,
Reden und Aufsätze, Freiburg, 1888; Martensen, Die christliche
Ethik, 2 vols., Leipsic, 1888; A. Döring, Philosophische Güter-
lehre, Berlin, 1888; S. Alexander, Moral Order and Progress,
London, 1889; F. Paulsen, System der Ethik, Berlin, 1889,
4th ed., 1895; H. Münsterberg, Der Ursprung der Sittlichkeit,
Freiburg, i. B., 1889; F. Brentano, Vom Ursprung sittlicher
Erkenntniss, Leipsic, 1889; Th. Ziegler, Sittliches Sein und
sittliches Werden, Strasburg, 1890; J. S. Mackenzie, Introduc
tion to Social Philosophy, London, 1890; A Manual of Ethics,
New York, 2d ed., 1895; J. Dewey, Outlines of a Critical Theory
of Ethics, New York, 1891; H. Gallwitz, Das Problem der Ethik
in der Gegenwart, Leipsic, 1891; G. Runze, Ethik, vol. I., Prak
tische Ethik, Berlin, 1891; G. Simmel, Einleitung in die Moral-
wissenschaft, 2 vols., Berlin, 1892-93; B. P. Bowne, The Prin-
ciples of Ethics, New York, 1892; C. Smyth, Christian Ethics,
New York, 1892; C. M. Williams, A Review of the Systems of
Ethics founded on Evolution, New York and London, 1893;
Th. Elsenhaus, Wesen und Entstehung des Gewissens, Leipsic,
1894; D. G. Ritchie, Natural Rights, New York and London,
1895; J. Seth, A Study of Ethical Principles, Edinburgh and
London, 2d ed., 1896. v. Oettingen, Moral-Statistik, 4th ed.,
Berlin, 1887; Morselli, Suicide (Int. Sc. Series). — W.[H. Lecky,
A History of European Morals, 2 vols., London, 1869, 3d ed.,
1877, and L. Schmidt, Die Ethik der alten Griechen, Berlin,
1882, are histories of customs. On the history of ethics see the
works of Ziegler, Köstlin, Luthardt (cited in note 6, p. 8); Gass,
Ziegler, Luthardt (p. 9, note 2); Vorländer, Mackintosh, Jodl
(p. 12, note 11), Sidgwick (p. 15, note 9), Janet (p. 14, note 7;