ABBOTS, election of, 24.
Absolutism, papal, 14, 265.
Acta Augustana, 233.
Address to the Nobility of the German
Nation, 141, 143, 242ƒ., 257.
Adelmann, Bernard, named in the
first Bull against Luther, 249 and n.
Adriatic, the, the boundary between
Christian and Moslem, 19.
Eneas Sylvius, on the wealth of
German burghers, 86.
Africa, North, 18; 85.
Against the execrable Bull of Anti-
christ, 249.

Against the thieving,

hordes of Peasants, 336.

Agricola, John, 390.
Agricola, Rudolph, 58.
Agricola, Stephan, 353.

murdering

Aichili, provost-marshal of the
Swabian League, murders Lutheran
pastors, 340.
D'Ailly, Peter, 199 f., 254.
Alber, Matthew, 310, 391.
Aleander, Jerome (Roman nuncio),

on the devotion of Germany to
Rome, 115; at the Diet of Worms,
261 f.; his education, 262; his
letters to Rome, 262 ff.; his esti-
mate of Charles V., 263; his task
at the Diet of Worms, 263; his
address to the Diet, 270; drafted
the Ban against Luther, 298; 259,
267 n., 269, 271, 275f., 279, 282,
283 and n., 285, 288, 291 m., 293,
295, 386.

Alexander of Hales on Indulgences,
219, 221 f.

Alpersbach, Petreius, 66.

Alstedt, 330.

Altenberg, 318.

Anabaptists, 339, 366; and Human-
ists, 156.

Andreæ, Laurentius, 422, 424.
Angelico, Fra, 49.

Anhalt, Prince of, 346, 363, 373.
Anjou, province of, 23.
Anna, Saint, "the Grandmother,"
cult of, 135f., 138.

Annaberg, town of, Indulgence-seller
at, 213.

Annates, 12, 17, 24f., 245, 321.
Anne of Beaujeu, 23.
Anselm of Lucca, 2.

Anthony, Duke of Lorraine, 334,
338.

Anti-Hapsburg feeling in Germany,
350, 370, 374, 376.

Apology for the Augsburg Confession,
The, 367.

Apostles' Creed, 365, 468, 484.
Apostolic Succession, 403.
Aquinas. See Thomas.
Aragon, 27.

Argyropoulos, John, 48, 68.
Aristotle, a forerunner of Christ, 56;
influence on medieval thinking,
449; disliked by the Humanists.
57; disliked by Luther, 206, 469.
Armstrong, Edward, quoted, 264 n.
Art, German, and popular life, 62.
Arthur, Prince of Wales, 21.
Articles: the Twelve, 331, 336,
337; the Marburg, 353, 359; the
Swabach, 359, 367; the Schmal-
kald, 374, 467 n., 468; the Bern,
478.

Artisan life, 80 ff.; artisan capitalists
in England, 21.

Artists, German, and the Reforma-
tion, 307; belonged to the burgher
class, 86.

Asia Minor, 18.
Ass, Feast of the, 120.
Astrologists in the beginning of the
sixteenth century, 129.
Athanasius and Luther, 433, 470, 471
and n., 473.

Attrition, the doctrine of, 201, 219,
222f.; taught by John of Palz, an
Augustinian Eremite theologian,
138, 199, 201.

Augsburg, city of, 234, 320, 322, 353,
391; the Humanist circle of, 60f.;
the Brethren in, 152. See Diet.
Augsburg Confession (Augustana),
147 f., 363, 365 ff., 396, 399, 403.
Augsburg Interim, 266, 390 ff.
Augsburg Religious Peace, 395 ff.; in-
ternational consequences of, 398n.
Augustine, the papal claim to uni-
versal supremacy and, 3; influence
on medieval theology, 449; dis-
liked by the Humanists, 167, 185;
his influence on Luther, 203, 207,
211, 433, 436.

Augustinian Eremites, 137 ff., 146;
their theology not Augustine's,
138, 199 f., 229; their chapter at
Heidelberg, 230; most of them
accept Luther's teaching, 305.
Augustus, Elector of Saxony, 395.
Avignon, the Popes at, 5.

Babylonian Captivity of the Church,
241 f., 266 n., 282 n., 306.
Ban, the, against Luther, 297 ff. See
Worms, Edict of.

Barclay, Alexander, the Ship of Fools,

17 n.

Basel, city of, 310; Council of, see
Councils.

Baths in the Middle Ages served as a

life-school for artists, 88.

Bauernmeister, the, 92.

vernacular, 149f., 174, 387, 402.
See Scripture.
Biblia Pauperum, 117.
Biel, Gabriel, 55, 196, 199.
Bigamy of Philip of He-se, 380 f.
Bishops, modes of electing, 8, 24.
Black Death, the, in England, 20,
440.
Boccaccio, 47.

Böhm, Hans, and the socialist revolts,
99 f., 135.

Bologna, University of, 64; a great
Law School, 2; city of, 360.
Bonaventura on Indulgences, 221,

224.

Bonzio, Cardinal, 2.

Books in the German language due
to the Reformation, 300.
Bosnia, 19.

Bourges, Concordat of, 11.
Brand, Sebastian, author of Narren-
schiff, quoted, 17; on usury, 84:
on the Niklashausen pilgrims, 102;
on the diffusion of Scripture, 151 m.;
52, 58, 118.

Brandenburg, the Elector of, Joachim
I. (1499-1535), 341; Joachim II.
(1535-1571), Fat old Interim, 377,
383, 395, 396; Margrave of, George,
326, 346, 362, 373; Margrave
of Brandenburg-Culmbach, Albert
Alcibiades, 383, 393; Albert of
(brother of Joachim 1.), Archbishop
of Mainz, see Mainz; Albert of
(brother of Margrave George), sec-
ularises his principality, becomes
Duke of East Prussia and a Pro-
testant, 326; province of, peasants
die of starvation, 111; secular
administration of the Church in
fifteenth century, 140.

Brask, Johan, Bishop of Linkoeping,

423.

376.

Bebel, Heinrich, 67.

Beer, Einbecker, 277 n., 293.

Beggars, ecclesiastical, 142.
Begging, a Christian virtue, 142.
Beguines and Beguine-houses, 116,

142.

Beham, Hans Sebaldus, artist, 62.
Beheim, Hans, supposed to have
abducted Luther, 295.

Belgrade, 19.

Bessarion, Cardinal, 48f.

Brethren of St. James (Jacobs-Brüder),

134..

Brotherhood, the Evangelical, 329,

334.

Brotherhoods in the fifteenth century,
the Blessed Virgin, 135; of St.
Anna, the Grandmother, 136; of
the Eleven Thousand Virgins (St.
Ursula's Schifflein), 145; among
the artisans, 146; the Holy Brother-
hood (Hermandad) of Spain, 28.
Brück, Dr. Gregory, Chancellor of
Electoral Saxony, 266 n., 276, 278,
363, 366, 369.

Brunswick, the city of, churches in,
116.

Bucer, Martin, the Reformer of Strass-
burg, 284, 306, 310, 353, 374, 380,

391.

Bugenhagen, John, 306.
Bulls, papal, Execrabilis et pristinis,
5; Pastor Eternus, 5; Inter cetera
divina, 5; this Bull bestowed the
continent of America upon Fer-
dinand and Isabella, 5n.; Unam
Sanctam, 1n., 4; Exurge Domine,
the first Bull against Luther, 247f.;
Decet Romanum, the second Bull
against Luther, 267 n.
Bundschuh League, the, peasant ris-
ings under, 103 ff., 110; the banner,
103, 105; the watchword of revolt,
296.

Burchard, John, 16.

Bürgerrecht, Das christliche, 350.
Burgmaier, Hans, artist, 67.
Burgundy, the district of, 21; the
Duke of, see Charles the Bold.
Burkhardt, George, of Spelt.
Spalatinus.

See

Burning the Pope's Bull, 251.
Burning heretics, 248; heretical

books, 259, 264, 299.
Busch, Hermann von, 52, 67.
Butzbach, Johann (a wandering
student), 55.

Cadan, peace of, 377, 379.
Cajetan, Thomas de Vio, Cardinal,
232, 247, 252, 303.
Calabria, Greek spoken in, 46.
Calvin, John, and St. Anna, 136; and
Dean Colet, 165; and the Augs-
burg Confession, 365; on the doc-
trine of Scripture, 462, 465, 467 n.;
the impious mysteries of Calvin,
398 n.; 475, 476.
Campeggio, Lorenzo, papal nuncio,

*

184, 322, 361, 370.

Canon Law, based on the Decretum
of Gratian, 2.

Canterbury, Archbishop of, 12, 349.
Capitalist class, rise of a, 83.
Capito, Wolfgang, 309.
Cappel, battle of (Zwingli slain), 374.
Caraccioli, Marino, papal nuncio,
262, 297.

Carlstadt, Andrew Bodenstein of,
211 n., 237, 249, 308; and the
Wittenberg "tumult," 811 ff.; dis-
penses the Lord's Supper in evan.
gelical fashion, 313; responsible
for the "Wittenberg Ordinance,"
314, 316, 320, 337; on the Lord's
Supper, 356, cf. 313; in Denmark,

419.

Castile, consolidation of, 27ƒ.
Catalonia, 27.

Catechism of Dietrich Kolde, 126.
Catechism of the Brethren, 155.
Catechisms of the Reformation:
Luther's Small Catechism, 408,
472; adopted in Denmark, 421;
Luther's Large Catechism, 472;
the Heidelberg, 477, 479.
Catholic Church, term not conceded
to Romanists, 404.
Celibacy of the clergy, 312, 343.
Celtes, Conrad, Humanist, 67; on

the diffusion of Scripture, 151.
Chancery, rules of the Roman (con-
tain lists of prices of benefices),
10.

Charitable foundations placed under
lay management, 143.

Charity in the Middle Ages, 141 ff.
Charles v., Emperor, 37, 184, 334,
341; elected to the Empire, 40;
crowned at Aachen, 262; held his
first Diet at Worms, 262 ff.; the
real antagonist of Luther, 264; a
good child, 263; his confession of
faith, 264f., 293f.; his concep-
tion of the Church, 265; differ-
ences between himself and the
Diet about Luther, 267 n., 270f.,
272, 276 ff.; asks for Luther's
condemnation, 293; regrets that
he did not burn Luther, 295; his
views of the religious question in
Germany, 360, 389; at the Diet of
Augsburg (1530), 359 ff.; resolves
to crush the Reformation by force,
360;
finds it difficult to do so,
370; his idea of a true reforma-
tion, 375; conquers the Duke of
Cleves, 382; makes peace with
France, 383; forces the Pope to
convoke a Council, 383; defeats
the German Protestants, 389f.;

his religious compromise, the
Augsburg Interim, 390; forced to
flee from Germany, 393; abdicates,
395.

Charles VI. of France, 22.
Charles VII. of France, 22.
Charles VIII. of France, 26.
Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy
23, 37, 98f., 109.
Cheese-hunters, 143f., 302.
Chieregati, Francesco, Papal Nuncio,
321.

CHRIST, THE PERSON OF, Luther
adopted the doctrinal definitions
of the old Catholic Church, 468,
470, 472f.; did not like the ter-
minology, 471; the two Natures
in, 474; Luther put new meaning
into the old definitions, 472, 474;
with the Reformers, Christ fills the
whole sphere of God, 460, 472 ff.,
478, 480; He is the only Mediator,
476; He is the efficacy and the
virtue in the sacraments, 478;
His divinity to be reached from
His work, 475; a part of the re-
ligious experience, 474 f., 478.
Christian II., King of Denmark, 418.
Christian III., King of Denmark, 420.
Christendom, small extent at the
time of the Reformation, 18f.
Christianity, the sum of, 430; how
to express it, 431.
Christopher of Utenheim, Bishop of
Basel, 257.

Chrysoloras, Manuel, 47.
CHURCH OF CHRIST, doctrine of the,
a double fellowship, 480; three
conceptions of, in the mediæval
Church, 481, 482; and priesthood
with the sacraments, 482, cf.
438f.; Luther's difficulties in
conceiving a, 483; his fiual con-
ception of, 484; both Visible and
Invisible, 485; made Visible by
the proclamation of the Word and
the manifestation of Faith, 485 ff.;
ministry in the, 486.

1f., 31.

Medieval House, 11, 194, 205,

The Pope's
235, 483.

States of the, 32 f.

ised, 400 ff.; duties belonging to
the Christian fellowship, 401;
attempted organisations before the
Peasants' War, 401f.; Saxon Visita-
tions, 405 ff.; Consistorial Courts,
410, 412, 413, 415; ecclesiastical
circles, 411; Superintendents, 404,
411; Synods, 413.

Civitas Dei of Augustine, 2ƒ.
Claims of the Medieval l'apacy, 1ƒ.
Clergy and laity, 243, 443ƒ.
Cleves, Duke of, 382.
Coburg, Luther at, 369.
Cochlæus, Johannes, R. C. theologian
(† 1552), 185, 368.

Colet, John, Dean of St. Paul's, 22,
163 ff.; travels in Italy, 164;
lectures at Oxford on St. Paul's
Epistles, 164, 209; rejected the
allegorical interpretation of Scrip-
ture, 165; sermon before Convoca-
tion, 165f.; his idea of a true
reformation, 166; dislike to the
Scholastic Theology, 167; studies
Dionysius the Areopagite, 169;
his views on the priesthood and
the sacraments, 170f.

Collin, Rudolph (at the Marburg
Colloquy), 353.

Cologne, the city of, its churches
and ecclesiastical buildings, 116;
Luther's books burnt at, 259.
Columbus, Christopher, 85.
Concord, the Wittenberg, 377.
Concordats, 11, 24.

Concubinage of priests, 246.
Confession, auricular, 218, 220.
Confessions of the Reformation,
Confessio Augustana (1530) or
Augsburg Confession, 364f., 435,
467 n., 468, 476; adopted in Den-
mark, 420; Confession Tetrapoli-
tana (1530), 368; Zurich Articles
(1523), 468 n.; Scots Confession
(1560), 465, 468 n., 477, 478, 480;
First Helvetic Confession (1536),
467 n., 479; Geneva Confession
(1536), 468 n.; Second Helvetic
Confession (1562), 468 n., 477,
479; French Confession (1539),
468, 479; Belgic Confession (1561),
468 n. ;
Netherlands Confession
(1566), 477; the Instruction of
Bern (1532), 478; the Thirty-nine
Articles (1563, 1571), 468 n., 479,
Formula Concordiæ, 425.
Confraternities. See Brotherhoo
Consistorial Courts, medieval, 41.
Consistories in the Lutheran Church,