the name of the Cifpadane Republic. And, with the approbation of the French general, a delegation was fent to Milan, ftyled by them the Tranfpadane Republic, in order to establish between the two powers the bands of political union and fraternity. In return, the administrators of the provifional government of Milan were permitted to fend deputies to the general congrefs of the Cifpadane Confederacy, now removed to Reggio, and which, about the end of the year, refolved themfelves henceforth into a republic, one and indivisible, on the model of France. In the mean time the emperor, anxious to the laft degree for the fate of general Wurmfer and the numerous garrison inclosed in the garrison of Mantua, ordered field-marshal Alvinzi, an officer of high reputation for military talents, and the third commander-in-chief of the Imperial forces in Italy during this campaign, to affemble an army on the borders of the Tyrol, defcending thence in two grand divifions along the Adige and Piava to Verona, which was the head-quarters of the French army. Marshal Alvinzi, who commanded in person the latter divifion, having paffed the Piava and Brenta, encountered the van of the French conducted alfo in perfon by general Buonaparte, who, after a fharp conflict, compelled his antagonist to repass the Brenta. But the Tyrol divifion having defeated the forces opposed to them under general Vaubois, it became neceffary for Buonaparte to retreat, in order to defend the passes of the Adige. The Auftrian general, now thinking the junction of the two divifions infallible, flattered himself with the fanguine hope of raifing, in a fhort time, the blockade of Mantua ; but general Buonaparte, difcerning clearly the fatal confequences of fuch an event, refolved immediately to risk a general attack on the army of Alvinzi, which had again advanced as far as the Adige. Croffing therefore that river in the night of the 4th of November, the French general advanced early in the morning to the village of Arcole, through which he must neceffarily force his paffage in order to ex ecute ecute his plan. The village was ftrongly fituated amid moraffes and canals; and the bridge which led to it was defended with every effort of military skill and valor. For the whole day the contest was continued to the manifest disadvantage of the French, who loft in the attempt fome of their best officers, and a very great number of men. At length a detachment of the French, taking a long circuit, carried the village by an impetuous affault in the rear, but the Auftrians had previously withdrawn their artillery and baggage. The way being now open, on the 6th of November, at daybreak, the French commenced a general action: the centre of the Auftrians foon gave way, but, the wings being secured by the strength of their position, no material impression could be made. In the night, general Buonaparte caused bridges to be thrown over the impracticable parts of the morass, and the next morning the battle was renewed with tenfold fury; but, by a series of ikilful manœuvres, the French having turned the flanks of the Auftrian army, and a corps placed in ambuscade falling upon their rear, a general confufion took place, and the Auftrians fled on all fides, and a complete though bloody victory was gained. "Never," faid general Buonaparte in his dispatches," was field of battle fo valorously difputed as that of Arcole." The other divifion under general Davidovitch, which had obtained fignal advantages over general Vaubois, and had advanced within a fhort diftance of Mantua, were now obliged, by general Buonaparte, who joined Vaubois in perfon with reinforcements, to fall back with confiderable lofs into the mountains of the Tyrol. General Alvinzi now again repaffed the Brenta, leaving Mantua to its fate; but the gallant veteran, Wurmfer, continued to defend that important fortress with invincible pertinacity. Notwithstanding the unfortunate iffue of Alvinzi's expedition, the pope did not seem the more inclined to accede to the terms of accommodation offered to him. Previous to the battle of Arcole, general Buonaparte had written with his own hand (October 26), a letter to cardinal Mattei, archbishop of Ferrara, entreating him to repair to Rome, and prevail, if poffible, upon his holiness to reflect upon the nature of his fituation and the neceffity of acting conformably to his true interest, and declaring that peace was the wish of the republic. At the end of fix weeks an answer arrived from the cardinal, ftating, " that his holinefs, as fovereign pontiff and depofitary on earth of the precepts promulgated by the Saviour of Mankind, had ever been folicitous for the prefervation of harmony in the great family of Chriftians; that he had felt the extremeft forrow in feeing France delivered up to fuch wild exceffes, and the children of the church plunging themselves into fuch horrible diforders; that the gentleness with which he had treated thefe wanderers from the fold of Chrift was fo far from having its due effect, that, blinded by the fuccefs of their arms, the French government had exacted from him the overthrow and total deftruction of religion, the Gospel, and the church; that his holinefs, after devoutly asking counfel of God, and recalling to mind the example of the antient martyrs, was decided to try the chance of war." To give efficacy to this decifion, extraordinary levies were ordered to be made in the ecclefiaftical ftate. The papal army was likewife reinforced by a confiderable corps of German troops, and count Colli appointed to the chief command. The warlike ardor of the pope feemed, however, to all but himself, more an object of ridicule than apprehenfion. Very many of his fubjects awaited with impatience the arrival of the French legions; and the inhabitants of the imperial city of Rome, who had imbibed the prevailing revolutionary fpirit, triumphed in the fanguine expectation of the restoration, after the lapse of so many ages, of the Roman republic, in all the fafcination of its ancient forms and titles. The naval and mifcellaneous events of the prefent campaign are yet to be related. Since the autumn of 1793, fe veral pofts had been maintained in the island of St. Domingo, with great difficulty, and at an immenfe expense of blood and treasure to Great Britain. In fix months after the landing, it was computed that fix thousand lives, including 130 officers, had been loft by that horrid peftilential disorder known by the name of the yellow-fever. The gens de couleur, and negroes, who poffeffed the whole power of the island, and had expelled or extinguished the white inhabitants, contenting themselves with the quiet enjoyment of the interior of the country, fuffered the English to retain their fatal conquefts on the coaft. In the month of May the island of St. Lucia was recovered by the exertions of general Abercrombie, not without a vigorous refiftance on the part of the Frenc hgarrifon. The infurrections, also, excited chiefly by the infidious arts of the celebrated Victor Hugues, in the islands of Grenada, St. Vincent, &c. were finally quelled, after much bloodshed. A French fquadron under the French admiral Richery, notwithstanding the great naval fuperiority of England, found means to fucceed in an expedition to Newfoundland, where they burnt and deftroyed British property to a vast amount. On the other hand, the Dutch fquadron equipped early in the spring, for the purpose of re-capturing the colony of the Cape, under the command of admiral Lucas, failed for greater fecurity north about, and at length arrived, after a profperous voyage, at Saldanha Bay, where they were attacked by admiral Elphinstone, who had been fent from England in order to intercept them. The crews of the different veffels mutinying against their captains, and declaring themselves in the intereft of the prince of Orange, infifted upon their being delivered up to the English, which the Dutch admiral was obliged to comply with. The fquadron confifted of feven fail of fhips of war of different force. In the course of the prefent year, alfo, the greatest part of the Dutch fettlements in the Eaft fell almost without re fiftance fistance into the hands of the English; amongst the reft Trincomale in the island of Ceylon, inferior in importance only to the city of Batavia. In the month of October, the island of Corfica, the favorite conqueft of the war, was evacuated by the English. Although, when the reign of Jacobinism was at the height, the Corfican nation appeared paffively to acquiefce in the dominion of the king of Great Britain, no fooner was a regular government established in France than they shewed their extreme folicitude to be re-united to that country, and to shake of their new allegiance. The victories of Buonaparte carried to the height the popular enthufiafm. The viceroy, fir Gilbert Elliot, perceiving, in the courfe of a tour which he ventured to make into the interior of the island, not without perfonal hazard, the univerfal fermentation: which prevailed, and dreading a fudden explofion-the Corficans, now joined by a body of French under general Gentili, having affembled in great force-gave notice that he was preparing to withdraw his troops. At Baftia, and St. Florenzo, however, this was not done without fome refiftance and bloodshed: a great part of the magazines alfo fell into the hands of the enemy. Immediately the Corficans, forming themfelves into primary affemblies, fent a deputation to the French commiffioners in Italy, formally to renounce the title of fubjects of the king of England, and to renew their oaths as citizens of the French republic. Thus in a moment vanished this tranfient farce and phantom of royalty; and thus did the red republican cap of liberty fuperfede and difplace that most egregious and ridicu lous bauble, the crown of Corfica. Ever fince the unfortunate recall of lord Fitzwilliam from Ireland, that kingdom had been in a ftate of lamentable diftraction, of which the French demonftrated their eagerness to make all poffible advantage. An armament had been for a long time preparing in the harbour of Breft, intended to cover a defcent into that country; but, from various |