English Local Prisons, 1860-1900: Next Only to DeathThe local prisons of the latter half of the nineteenth century refined systems of punishment so harsh that one judge considered the maximum penalty of two years local imprisonment to be the most severe punishment known to English law: "next only to death". This work examines how private perceptions and concerns became public policy. It also traces the move in English government from the rural and aristocratic to the urban and more democratic. It follows the rise of the powerful elite of the higher civil service, describes some of the forces that attempted to oppose it, and provides a window through which to view the process of state formation. |
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Results 1-5 of 87
Page 22
... discharged the landowner's duties of public service . Appointed a magistrate in 1855 , he was elected chairman of the Judicial Committee of Quarter Sessions in 1860 , at the age of 29 , succeeding Lord Eversley . He developed a 2 He ...
... discharged the landowner's duties of public service . Appointed a magistrate in 1855 , he was elected chairman of the Judicial Committee of Quarter Sessions in 1860 , at the age of 29 , succeeding Lord Eversley . He developed a 2 He ...
Page 38
... criminals , but he pitied those unfortunate men , who were made outcasts from society by their own actions , but whom the present state of the law maintained in their degraded condition . " The discharged convict was worse off than he ...
... criminals , but he pitied those unfortunate men , who were made outcasts from society by their own actions , but whom the present state of the law maintained in their degraded condition . " The discharged convict was worse off than he ...
Page 39
... prison was the only school : and it was a bad school . " 51 The reformatories were particularly successful , Carnarvon contended , quot- ing figures which claimed that between 50 and nearly 100 per cent of those discharged did not re ...
... prison was the only school : and it was a bad school . " 51 The reformatories were particularly successful , Carnarvon contended , quot- ing figures which claimed that between 50 and nearly 100 per cent of those discharged did not re ...
Page 45
... criminal ? " This led him to reflect on the problems of " patronage , " or assistance to discharged prisoners , and may well have been the basis for his first correspondence on penal matters with Sir Walter Crofton , who had given ...
... criminal ? " This led him to reflect on the problems of " patronage , " or assistance to discharged prisoners , and may well have been the basis for his first correspondence on penal matters with Sir Walter Crofton , who had given ...
Page 47
... prisons schools for crime . Carnarvon noted Ferguson's summary of a speech ... prison becomes an hospital for moral diseases . " " 1 This last was completely at odds ... discharged from English convict prisons . Ferguson had returned to a ...
... prisons schools for crime . Carnarvon noted Ferguson's summary of a speech ... prison becomes an hospital for moral diseases . " " 1 This last was completely at odds ... discharged from English convict prisons . Ferguson had returned to a ...
Contents
21 | |
64 | |
CARNARVON AND NATIONAL PENAL POLICY | 97 |
THE SOCIAL AND PENAL IDEAS OF SIR EDMUND | 149 |
THE FLAWED PROSPECTUS | 188 |
Discipline labour and instruction | 235 |
Health dietary and discharge arrangements | 282 |
Special categories | 335 |
THE JUSTICES REACT TO NATIONALIZATION | 432 |
THE COMMITTEES ATTEMPT TO ORGANIZE | 481 |
TRIUMPH OF THE CLERKS | 509 |
THE CALL FOR A PRISON INQUIRY | 549 |
PERSONALITIES AND PREOCCUPATIONS | 585 |
COMPOUNDING ERRORS | 615 |
AFTERMATH | 649 |
THE FINAL ACT | 697 |
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Common terms and phrases
administration agreed allowed appointed asked Association authority Bill Cane Cane's Carnarvon cells civil Commission Commissioners committed Conference considerable considered continued convict course court crime criminal criticisms Crofton Daily dietary directed discharged discipline Du Cane duties effect evidence execution experience gaol give given Gladstone Committee governor hard labour Home Office Home Secretary House Ibid imprisonment increase inquiry Inspectors interest issues John justices labour less letter London Lord magistrates March matter Minutes months necessary noted object observed offenders penal persons political possible powers practical present prison proposed punishment question reading reason received recommendations reference reform reformatory Report responsibility Royal rules sentence separate Sessions social societies staff suggested taken took various Vict Viscount Gladstone visiting committee warders