English Local Prisons, 1860-1900: Next Only to DeathThe local prisons of the latter half of the nineteenth century refined systems of punishment so harsh that one judge considered the maximum penalty of two years local imprisonment to be the most severe punishment known to English law: "next only to death". This work examines how private perceptions and concerns became public policy. It also traces the move in English government from the rural and aristocratic to the urban and more democratic. It follows the rise of the powerful elite of the higher civil service, describes some of the forces that attempted to oppose it, and provides a window through which to view the process of state formation. |
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Page 6
... Reform Act began a progressive and irreversible process of centralization . With each successive extension of the franchise , Parliament reinforced its philosophical , moral and legal supremacy . In our times this has enabled central ...
... Reform Act began a progressive and irreversible process of centralization . With each successive extension of the franchise , Parliament reinforced its philosophical , moral and legal supremacy . In our times this has enabled central ...
Page 7
... Reform . Even Young , at pains to establish the discontinuities of the period , provides us with Portrait of An Age . Many distinguished authors and historians cannot see Victorian England in other than epochal terms . The device ...
... Reform . Even Young , at pains to establish the discontinuities of the period , provides us with Portrait of An Age . Many distinguished authors and historians cannot see Victorian England in other than epochal terms . The device ...
Page 11
... Reform Act , and all the great Whig administrative innovations of the 1830s , had steered England on a safe course . But minds which came to maturity in the period between the Great Exhibition of 1851 and the Second Reform Bill of 1867 ...
... Reform Act , and all the great Whig administrative innovations of the 1830s , had steered England on a safe course . But minds which came to maturity in the period between the Great Exhibition of 1851 and the Second Reform Bill of 1867 ...
Page 19
... reform , and the needs of a constantly expanding technol- ogy and commerce , had handed ad hoc to commissions and semi- autonomous governmental organizations . The prison system , local and convict , one of the largest civilian ...
... reform , and the needs of a constantly expanding technol- ogy and commerce , had handed ad hoc to commissions and semi- autonomous governmental organizations . The prison system , local and convict , one of the largest civilian ...
Page 22
... Reform Act , had moved somewhat uneasily into the developing Toryism of the times . His father , the third earl , dedicated to the aristocratic ideal in government and the life of the nation , but certainly no backwoodsman , embraced a ...
... Reform Act , had moved somewhat uneasily into the developing Toryism of the times . His father , the third earl , dedicated to the aristocratic ideal in government and the life of the nation , but certainly no backwoodsman , embraced a ...
Contents
21 | |
64 | |
CARNARVON AND NATIONAL PENAL POLICY | 97 |
THE SOCIAL AND PENAL IDEAS OF SIR EDMUND | 149 |
THE FLAWED PROSPECTUS | 188 |
Discipline labour and instruction | 235 |
Health dietary and discharge arrangements | 282 |
Special categories | 335 |
THE JUSTICES REACT TO NATIONALIZATION | 432 |
THE COMMITTEES ATTEMPT TO ORGANIZE | 481 |
TRIUMPH OF THE CLERKS | 509 |
THE CALL FOR A PRISON INQUIRY | 549 |
PERSONALITIES AND PREOCCUPATIONS | 585 |
COMPOUNDING ERRORS | 615 |
AFTERMATH | 649 |
THE FINAL ACT | 697 |
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Common terms and phrases
administration agreed allowed appointed asked Association authority Bill Cane Cane's Carnarvon cells civil Commission Commissioners committed Conference considerable considered continued convict course court crime criminal criticisms Crofton Daily dietary directed discharged discipline Du Cane duties effect evidence execution experience gaol give given Gladstone Committee governor hard labour Home Office Home Secretary House Ibid imprisonment increase inquiry Inspectors interest issues John justices labour less letter London Lord magistrates March matter Minutes months necessary noted object observed offenders penal persons political possible powers practical present prison proposed punishment question reading reason received recommendations reference reform reformatory Report responsibility Royal rules sentence separate Sessions social societies staff suggested taken took various Vict Viscount Gladstone visiting committee warders