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"Perhaps Johnson's proposed correction, 'to new-create you,' is right." W. N. LETTSOM.

P. 294. (136)

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Yea, brother of Clarence, art thou here too?"

The modern addition, “.

Clarence, and art thou here too?" seems to be required for the metre. (Pope was the first who inserted "and;" but he omitted" Yea :" Capell gave both words.)

P. 295. (137) "I'll follow you, and tell him there what answer” The words "him there" are not in the folio.-This line was amended by Pope to “I'll follow you, and tell you what reply,” and by Capell to “I'll follow you, and tell his grace what answer." (Pope's "tell you" can hardly be right; for we must suppose that Warwick had already informed Somerset, &c. of the "answers" of Louis and the Lady Bona to Edward's message.)

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Rowe substituted "now," which-unless we understand "new" in the sense of newly, lately-would seem to be right.

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So the second folio.-The first folio has shipt."-Walker cites this passage (Crit. Exam, &c. vol. iii. p. 169) with the reading "slip" (a slip, I suppose).

P. 297. (142)

"Well guess'd, believe me; for that was my meaning.” "What does this line refer to? Something must be lost." Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 170,-where the Editor (Mr. W. N. Lettsom) observes in a note; "Perhaps this line belongs to King Edward, who may be supposed to have been sounding Gloster and Hastings, when he said just before, 'But whither shall we then?'"

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P. 299. (144)

"And all his lands and goods be confiscate."

The folio has " - and Goods confiscate."-The editor of the second folio (who had no more authority for his alterations than any of the modern editors) substituted". and Goods confiscated."-I adopt Malone's reading compare Merchant of Venice, act iv. sc. 1, "all thy goods are confiscate;" also The Comedy of Errors, act i. sc. 1 and sc. 2; and Cymbeline, act v. sc. 5.

P. 301. (145) "A wise stout captain, and soon persuaded !"

To remedy the supposed imperfection in the metre of this line, Pope made the transposition “. and persuaded soon;" while Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector reads "A wise stout captain he, and soon persuaded." But the old text is not to be hastily altered,-the word "captain" being in various passages of our early dramatists a trisyllable-pronounced "capitain;" e. g. in Beaumont and Fletcher's King and No King, act iv. sc. 3;

"The king may do much, captain, believe it."

(Indeed Spenser writes, Faerie Queene, B. vi. c. xi. st. 3,

"It so befell, as fortune had ordayned,

That he which was their capitaine profest," &c.)

See Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 171, and Mr. W. N. Lettsom's note there.

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The True Tragedie, &c. has "should,"-preferably perhaps.

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Was altered by Pope to "and thanks to all."-Mr. W. N. Lettsom would merely omit "and."

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So both the folio and the original play ("hastie").-" Probably lusty;' certainly not 'hasty." Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 172.-Mr. Swynfen Jervis, independently, proposed the same correction.

P. 303. (149) "Oxf. Let's lery men, and beat him back again." So Malone. In the folio this speech is assigned to "King."—Mr. Collier thinks that "it is not at all inconsistent with the other speeches of the king in this scene:"-to me it appears utterly so. Besides, Henry has resigned the government into the hands of Warwick and Clarence (see p. 298); nor is his opinion now asked by Warwick, whose words are, "What counsel, lords?" Throughout the present scene, Warwick speaks of Henry, and addresses him, as his "sovereign;"

"My sovereign, with the loving citizens," &c.

"Fair lords, take leave, and stand not to reply.

Farewell, my sovereign.

Farewell, sweet lords."

(A little above, in the stage-direction at the commencement of this scene, the folio has "Somerset" instead of "Exeter.")

P. 303. (150)

"stir in"

The folio has "stirre vp in.”

P. 304. (151)

"water-flowing tears;"

"Flowing,' quasi shedding? Compare 'tear-falling pity,' King Richard III. iv. 2." Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 172.-Capell suggests "waterflowing eyes."

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The folio has "A Lancaster, a Lancaster,”—of which Malone offers a forced explanation, and Mr. Grant White a still more forced one.-The True Tragedie, &c. (in which the present scene is much shorter) has no stage-direction here, nor any mention of "shouts" in the text.-" Surely the shouts that ushered King Edward should be 'A York! A York! I suppose the author did not write the marginal directions, and the players confounded the characters." JOHNSON. There can be no doubt that in our early dramas the greater part of the stage-directions was inserted by the actors.

P. 305. (153)

"And, lords, towards Coventry," &c.

"Warwick," as Mr. M. Mason has observed, "has but just left the stage, declaring his intention to go to Coventry. How then could Edward know of that intention? Our author was led into this impropriety by the old play, where also Edward says;

And now towards Coventry let's bend our course,

To meet with Warwick and his confederates.'

Some of our old writers seem to have thought that all the persons of the drama must know whatever was known to the writers themselves or to the audience." MALONE.

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"This couplet should stand after Gloster's speech, of which, perhaps, it is part." W. N. LETTSOM.

P. 307. (155) "If not, the city being but of small defence,”

Here Pope omitted "but."--Walker (Crit. Exam, &c. vol. iii. p. 172) proposes altering "defence" to "fence."

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The folio has "in."-Corrected in the second folio.

P. 307. (157)

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[Taking the red rose out of his hat."

Here the folio has no stage-direction. But we find in The True Tragedie, &c., "Sound a Parlie, and Richard and Clarence whispers togither, and then Clarence takes his red Rose out of his hat, and throwes it at Warwike."

P. 308. (158)

“And set up Lancaster. Why, trow'st thou, Warwick,

That Clarence is so harsh, so blunt, unnatural,”

The True Tragedie, &c. has

"And set vp Lancaster. Thinkest thou

That Clarence is so harsh vnnaturall.”—

Steevens conjectures that the second line should stand "Clarence so harsh, so blunt, unnatural.”—

Walker (Crit. Exam. &c. vol. i. p. 31) proposes, but not confidently,

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The folio has "Iephah ;" which in the third folio became "Iepthah."

P. 309. (160)

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my mangled body shows,

That I must yield my body to the earth,”

Is there not something wrong here?

P. 309. (161)

"Thus yields the cedar," &c.

"It were better to read

'Thus to the axe's edge the cedar yields,

Whose arms,' &c.

Otherwise 'Whose arms' will refer to the axe instead of the cedar." STEEVENS. But the construction in the text is not unusual with our early writers.

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So The True Tragedie, &c.-The folio has "Cannon."

P. 310. (163)

"War. Sweet rest his soul!-Fly, lords, and save yourselves; For Warwick bids you all farewell, to meet in heaven."

The modern editors have tried (unsuccessfully) various methods of improving this passage; in which the words of The True Tragedie, &c. are retained

by our author. (Mr. Knight's note ad l. shows that he is not acquainted with the reading of the old copies.)

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Walker (Crit. Exam, &c. vol. iii. p. 172) proposes "Our" or "These."

P. 313. (165) "I drink the water of mine eyes."

So the older play in the corresponding passage.-The folio has “ eye," which, with good reason, Malone suspects to be "rather an the transcriber than an alteration by Shakespeare."

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The reading of The True Tragedie, &c. "Lo" is perhaps preferable.

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of my error in

So the quarto of 1619.-The octavo of 1595 has "the litnes."-The quarto of 1600 has "the lightnes."-The folio has "the likenesse," which Malone calls "the phraseology of Shakespeare's time," and compares, in Julius Cæsar, act v. sc. 3,

"The last of all the Romans, fare thee well,"—

a faulty reading, undoubtedly see note ad l.-Compositors frequently mistook the contraction "y" (thou) for "y" (the).

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So the fourth folio.-The earlier eds. have "swound,"
"swoun." See note 93 on The Winter's Tale, vol. iii. p. 519.

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'swowne," and

Is accidentally omitted in the folio.

P. 316. (170)

"What, wilt thou not?-Where is that devil's butcher,
Hard-favour'd Richard?-Richard, where art thou?
Thou art not here:"

The folio has

"What wilt ÿ not? Where is that diuels butcher Richard?
Hard fauor'd Richard? Richard, where art thou?
Thou art not heere."

But that "Richard" is an accidental addition we have proof in the corresponding passage of the original play;

(Qy.

"Whears the Diuels butcher, hardfauored Richard,

Richard where art thou? He is not heere," &c.

Richard, where art thou,

Thou art not here?"

i. e. Richard, where art thou, that thou art not here?)

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