Number of Boards of Guardians, and of Guardians in each Board. Number of Overseers of the Poor. Expenses of establishments, and salaries of officers, concerned in the relief of the poor, and in the collection of poor-rates. Number, age, condition of persons relieved. Number, age, sex, of persons who are helped by the poor-rates to emigrate. Numbers, age, sex, condition of lunatics in Pauper Lunatic Asylums. Numbers, age, sex, of children educated in pauper schools. Number, age, sex, occupation of children apprenticed or put to service out of workhouses. Numbers and relative proportions of legitimate and illegitimate births in workhouses. Number, proportion to number of inmates, and causes of deaths in workhouses. (Returns of Poor Law Board.) XIV. Trades. Numbers of persons employed in the principal industries. Numbers of factories, workshops, warehouses, used for、 principal industries. Nature and amount of "power" used in principal industries. Numbers and nature of mines, and bulk of their pro ducts. Amount of raw material used for home consumption, amount of raw material exported; amount of manufactures used at home, amount of manufactures exported. Value of each of the last-named four amounts. M Number, condition, class of ships not belonging to the Royal Navy. Number of merchant seamen. Dockyards for merchant shipping. Lighthouses, their number, position, and class. Numbers and causes of wrecks. Numbers, limits, &c., of railways. (Returns of Board of Trade.) XV. Currency. Amount of bullion imported. (Board of Trade Returns.) Amount of each metal coined. Nature of coinage. Number and value of notes, &c., issued. Number and value of notes returned to Bank. (Governors and Directors of Bank of England.) XVI.-Post Office. Number of letters transmitted. Number of telegrams transmitted. Number of books and other parcels transmitted. Amount of money-orders issued. Number of depositors in Post Office Savings Banks. Percentage of letters, telegrams, parcels, and deposits to the population. Number and cost of establishments for letter post, telegraphs, and Post Office Savings Banks. (Postmaster-General's Returns.) XV11.-Diplomatic, Colonial, Indian Affairs. These are collected under heads similar to those of Great Britain and Ireland, by the Foreign Office, Colonial Office, and India Office respectively, through their subordinates in each department of government abroad. Further details would be unnecessary. XVIII.-Exports. Amount, nature, and value of articles exported, either raw or manufactured. Value of such exports to each place of destination. Proportion of exports to imports of all the principal sorts of commodities. (Board of Trade Returns.) SPECIMEN OF MODE OF COLLECTING DETAILS. I.-Population. The Census is taken on one night in every ten years, when the persons specially appointed for the purpose require an account of the persons in each house or building between certain hours, the ships in harbours being also included. There is no permanent staff of subordinate officers. The Census in England and Wales in 1871, April 3, gave such results as the following:-(See page 153 for explanation of figures.) I. 2. 22,704,108 inhabitants. 11,663,705 women; 11,040,403 men. ·Bedford, 295,582 statute acres. 3. Berks, 451,210 &c. 5, 6, & 7. "John Smith, tailor, 43, married. 8. II. (1) Army. The Secretary of State for War receives statistics from the Commander-in-Chief, and he from the Generals of Division, and so downward, to the lowest rank of military and medical officers. The following is a specimen of the statistics under this head : The whole Army is classified under the two general heads of Officers on the General and Departmental Staff. Namely:-General Staff ... Chaplain's Department ... ... ... 87 77 613 The Board of Admiralty (consisting of the First Lord and four others) obtains statistics, similar to those of the Army, from their Financial and Permanent Secretaries, and they from the heads of different departments, and so down to the subordinate officers, naval, medical, in dockyards, and in the victualling and transport departments. THE ARMY AND NAVY. THE English land forces consist of the regular troops, and of reserve troops made up of several distinct elements. The whole management of the army is in the hands of the Crown; but it is illegal,—as declared by the Bill of Rights,-to keep up a standing army in time of peace without consent of Parliament. Thus an Act of Parliament (called "the Mutiny Act") is passed every year, by which the number of men (usually between 125,000 and 135,000, exclusive of the troops serving in India) to constitute the regular army is fixed for the year, and the Crown empowered to make regulations called "Articles of War," for the discipline and government of the army. The reserve forces consist of (1) the Militia, (2) the Yeomanry Cavalry, (3) the Volunteer Corps, (4) the enrolled Pensioners and Army Reserve force. These several forces are regulated, and the modes of their enrolment determined, by law. They are recruited and drilled by local officials, scattered throughout the country, who receive their commission from the Crown. In the case of the number of the Militia being insufficient, the corps can be completed by a compulsory ballot. The regular and the reserve forces are, for purposes of discipline and management, placed under the command of the same higher officers. For this purpose Great Britain and Ireland are partitioned into ten military districts, subject to the command of ten general officers; and each district is divided into eighty sub-districts, sixty-six of which are apportioned to infantry, twelve to artillery, and two to cavalry. In each sub-district the regular and the reserve forces of the several departments of the army are grouped side by side, and subject to a common colonel, who is responsible for the discipline and recruiting of all the forces under his command. |