Elements of Metallurgy: A Practical Treatise on the Art of Extracting Metals from Their Ores |
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Common terms and phrases
alloy amount antimony arsenic arsenious oxide assay bars become Bessemer process bismuth blast blast-furnace bottom brickwork calcined carbon cast-iron cent charcoal charge chimney chloride clay coal cobalt coke colour combustion condensed considerable consists containing converter cool copper crucible crystals cubic cupellation cwts decarburization deposits diameter employed feet ferric fire flues flux fuel fused fusible fusion gases hæmatite hammer hearth heat hydrochloric acid hydrogen inches ingots iron kilns lead lime liquid malleable manganese mass melted mercury metal method mineral mixture moulds nickel nitric acid obtained operation ordinary oven oxide passing phosphorus pig-iron placed plates portion pots precipitated produced proportion puddled purpose pyrites reduced regulus removed residue reverberatory furnace roasted side siliceous silicon silver slag smelting sodium sodium carbonate solution spiegeleisen steel sufficiently sulphate sulphide sulphur sulphuric acid surface temperature tons tuyers usually vertical section weight wrought-iron zinc
Popular passages
Page 1 - The bellows are burned, the lead is consumed of the fire; the founder melteth in vain : for the wicked are not plucked away. Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the Lord hath rejected them.
Page 1 - Son of man, the house of Israel is to me become dross: all they are brass, and tin, and iron, and lead, in the midst of the furnace ; they are even the dross of silver.
Page 1 - Only the gold, and the silver, the brass, the iron, the tin, and the lead, 23 Every thing that may abide the fire, ye shall make it go through the fire, and it shall be clean : nevertheless it shall be purified with the water of separation : and all that abideth not the fire ye shall make go through the water.
Page 15 - Alloys having a specific gravity inferior to the mean of their components. Gold and Silver ., Iron „ Lead „ Copper „ Iridium „ Nickel Silver and Copper Copper and Lead Iron and Bismuth „ Antimony „ Lead Tin and Lead „ Palladium „ Antimony Nickel and Arsenic Zinc and Antimony.
Page 481 - The furnace itself for blowing the Tin is called the Castle on account of its strength, being of massive stones cramped together with Iron to endure the united force of fire and air. This fire is made with charcoal excited by two large bellows, which are worked by a water-wheel, the same as at the iron forges. They are about eight feet long and two and a half wide at the broadest part. The fire-place, or castle, is about six feet perpendicular, two feet wide in the top part each way, and about fourteen...
Page 579 - The lead thus obtained will evidently be richer than the crystals remaining in the kettle. Assay of Silver. — The assay of argentiferous galena is, in England, usually conducted in a wrought-iron crucible of plate iron, of good quality, turned up in the form of a crucible, and carefully welded at the edges ; the bottom is closed by a large iron rivet, securely welded to the sides, and the whole finished by the hammer on a properly-formed mould. To make an assay in a crucible of this description,...
Page 806 - ... thrown hissing into a concentrated solution of common salt, to free it from any adherent chloride of silver. " An alloy containing originally 89 per cent, of gold, 10 per cent, of silver, and...
Page 224 - Neilson, for an improved application of air to produce heat in fires, forges, and furnaces...
Page 102 - ... economising the heat it gives off, as, for instance, in drying the fuel ; but the saving to be effected is not very great, for as 100 volumes of the gas require for combustion about 130 volumes of air, including 20 per cent, above that theoretically required, the heat given off in cooling the gas...
Page 804 - ... forms a glaze on the inner surface of the crucibles when they become hot in the furnace. When used for refining these French clay crucibles are placed within black-lead pots as a precaution against loss should the former crack, which, however, seldom happens. The crucibles are covered with loosely-fitting lids with the requisite holes bored through them for the passage of the clay chlorine pipes, &c.