Clinical Neuroanatomy: A Neurobehavioral ApproachA major focus of clinical neuropsychology and cognitive-behavioral neurology is the assessment and management of cognitive and behavioral changes that result from brain injury or disease. In most instances, the task of the neuropsychologist can be divided into one of two general categories. Perhaps the most common is where patients are known to be suffering from identi?ed neurological insults, such as completed strokes, neoplasms, major head traumas or other disease processes, and the clinician is asked to assess the impact of the resulting brain damage on behavior. The second involves differential diagnosis in cases of questionable insults to the central nervous system. Examples of the latter might be milder forms of head trauma, anoxia and dementia or suspected vascular compromise. In either instance, understanding the underlying pathology and its consequences depends in large part on an analysis of cognitive and behavioral changes, as well as obtaining a good personal and medical history. The clinical investigation will typically include assessing problems or changes in personality, social and environmental adaptations, affect, cognition, perception, as well as sensorimotor skills. Regardless of whether one approaches these questions having prior independent con?rmation of the pathology versus only a suspicion of pathology, a fairly comprehensive knowledge of functional neuroanatomy is considered critical to this process. Unfortunately as neuropsychologists we too frequently adopt a corticocentric view of neurological de?cits. We recognize changes in personality, memory, or problem solving capacity as suggestive of possible cerebral compromise. |
Contents
30 | |
The Cerebellum | 34 |
Testing for Somatosensory Deficits | 37 |
Cerebellar Cortex | 61 |
Cerebellar Symptoms | 70 |
OVERVIEW | 78 |
Brainstem Nuclei | 87 |
Major Fiber Tracts within the Brainstem | 95 |
The Limbic SystemHypothalamus | 213 |
The Cerebral Cortex | 271 |
Executive Control | 408 |
The Planning and Execution of CognitiveBehavioral Programs | 414 |
The Modulation of Internal Drives and Emotions | 443 |
Localization of Prefrontal Lobe Functions | 451 |
The Agranular Frontal Cortex | 457 |
The Cerebral Vascular System | 501 |
The Brainstem 77 | 98 |
5 | 108 |
Cranial Nerve I Olfactory | 114 |
Control of Eye Movements | 125 |
Cranial Nerve IV Trochlear | 135 |
Cranial Nerve VIII Vestibulocochlear | 142 |
The Basal Ganglia | 153 |
The Thalamus | 195 |
Other editions - View all
Clinical Neuroanatomy: A Neurobehavioral Approach John Mendoza,Anne Foundas No preview available - 2010 |
Common terms and phrases
afferent agonist amygdala anatomical and/or appear areas artery ascending associated auditory basal ganglia behavioral bilateral body brain brainstem caudate cerebellar peduncle cerebellum cerebral cortex Chapter cingulate gyrus clinical cognitive colliculi complex connections contralateral cortical corticospinal tract cranial nerve deficits disease disorders disturbances dopamine dorsal drugs effects efferent emotional fasciculus feedback fibers Figure frontal lobes functional globus pallidus hypothalamus inferior olivary inhibitory input internal capsule involved ipsilateral lateral left hemisphere lemniscus lesions limb limbic system major medial medulla memory midbrain midline modulation motor neuron movements muscles Neurology neurotransmitter olfactory one’s organization pain parietal Parkinson’s pathways patient pons pontine portion posterior prefrontal premotor primarily primary proprioception Purkinje cells receptors reflex regions response result reticular right hemisphere role rostral sensory serotonin somatosensory specific spinal cord spinocerebellar spinothalamic spinothalamic tracts stimuli structures subcortical sulcus symptoms synapse syndrome temporal thalamus trigeminal typically unilateral ventral ventricle vestibular nuclei visual