of the New Zealanders, 185.

Canterbury, New Zealand, description of, 195.
Capital, effects of strikes on, 285.

Carlovingian romance, 257.

'Cautions for the Times,' Bishop Fitzgerald's, re-
commended, 250.

Cave temples, Indian, 179.

Cephalopoda, orders of the class, 88.

Charles I., story respecting the body of, 124.

II., his predilection for ballad music, 57.
Chili, gradual upheaving of the coast of, 79.
Cholsey barn, feat of thrashing in, 119.
Church music, animadversion on, by Ælredus, Ab-
bot of Rivaulx, 51.

Ciceronian Latin, anecdote of extraordinary at-
tachment to, 17.

Civil war, movements in Berkshire during the
great, 181.

Coal, formation of, 78, 89.

Colet, Dean, his friendship with Erasmus, 8; his
school at St. Paul's, prophetic liberality of its
foundation, 14.

Colliers, strikes of the, 279.

'Colloquies' of Erasmus, popularity of, 19.
Coltsfoot, propagation of, 282.
Combination laws proved useless, 271.
Concerts, origin of public, 56.

Coral islands, wonderful structure and number of
the, 100; ring-like form of, ib.; theories respect-
ing, ib.; steep sides and saucer-shaped summit
of Keeling's Island, 101.

Crow-garlic, mistake of farmers respecting, 289.
Cumnor Hall, ruins of, 116.

D.

Dandelion, the, in Australia, 288.

Datchet Bridge, legal contest respecting, 125.
David's character, analysis of, 223.
Demoivre's The Doctrine of Chances applied to
the Valuation of Lives,' 37.

Dibdin's sea-songs, reason of their decreasing popu-
larity, 57.

Dinotherium, fossil, 84.

Disraeli, Mr., on two classes of Reformers, 303.
Dolman, Thomas, doggrel couplet on, 128.
Dunch, a favourite of Cromwell, 117.

D'Urfey, Tom, ballads of, 57.

Dutton, the minstrel, gallantry of, 47.

E.

Earth, the, thickness of its crust, 77; spheroidal
form of, ib.; its specific gravity, ib.; its internal
temperature, ib.

Earthquakes, catalogue of, Mr. Mallett's, 80.
Edinburgh, riots in, in 1881, 72.
Elephanta, temples of, 179.

Ellesmere, Lord, and the Worsley colliers, 287.
Equitable Assurance Company, early history of
the, 38.

Erasmus, biographies of, 2; parentage and birth, 3;
his name Gerard, Latinised into Desiderius, 4;
early predictions of his greatness, ib.; his training
at the school at Deventer, ib.; learns Horace and
Terence by heart, ib.; injurious treatment at Bois
le Duc, 5; reluctance to embrace the life of the
cloister, ib.; seduced into holy orders, 6; Latin
Secretary to the Bishop of Cambray, ib.; his po-

verty at Montague College, Paris, 7; his noble
English pupils, ib.; driven by the plague from
Paris, 8; his first visit to England, ib.; 'learns
Greek in Oxford to teach it in Cambridge,' 9;
proceeds to Italy, 10; obtains the degree of Doc-
tor at Turin, ib.; reception at Rome, 11; his in-
tense abhorrence of war, ib.; returns to England,
12; appointed Margaret Professor of Divinity and
Professor of Greek, 13; his disdain of all modern
languages, ib.; characteristics of his style, 15;
sovereigns contend for his services, ib.; his cor-
respondence with the sovereigns of Europe, 16;
his toleration of the Reformation, ib.; considered
as a reviver of classical learning, 17; as an op-
ponent of the superstition of the Middle Ages,
18; as the parent of Biblical criticism, 20; as the
founder of a more comprehensive theology, ib. ;
his wish for a peaceful reformation, 21; wishes to
extirpate all languages except Greek and Latin,
24; said to have owed his life to a fit of laughter,
25; his neutrality with respect to the Reforma-
tion, 26; his controversy with Luther, 29; cha-
racter of, 32.

Erdmann's Geological Map of Sweden, 94.
Evans, Archdeacon, on Scripture Biography, 206.
Evidences of Christianity, 231 (see Powell, Rev. B.);
summary of the, 250.

F

Farm Weeds, Essay on, 287; definition of a weed,
288; propagation and destruction of coltsfoot,
288, 289; utility of knowing the habits of wild
plants, 289; crow-garlic, ib.; table of the fecun-
dity of weed-plants, 290; table of the ripening
of seeds, 291; the farmer his own weed-grower,
ib.; adulteration in crop-seed, 292.

Fijis, description of the, 112; contemplated British
occupation of the, ib.

France, naval force of, in the Pacific, 111.
French naval stations in the Pacific, 110.

G.

Geological maps, 92; survey of the United King-
dom, ib.; of India, Victoria, and Tasmania, 95.
Geology, progress of, 76; interior of the earth in a
state of fusion, 77; primary, secondary, and ter-
tiary rocks, 78; subdivision of the Paleozoic,
Mesozoic, and Cainozoic epochs, ib.; agency of
fire from within, and water from without, on the
crust of the globe, ib,; nature of stratified rocks,
79; areas of destruction and production, ib.; level-
ling power of moving water, ib.; elevation of
surface the result of igneous action, ib. ;, upheav-
ing and depression of different countries, ib.; for-
mation of mountain chains accounted for, 80;
effect of igneous masses on coal, limestone, clay,
&c., forming metamorphic rocks, ib.; (see Or-
ganic fossils) difficulty of geological nomenclature,
90; classification and nomenclature fundamen-
tally chronological, 91.

Graham, Mr. Cyril, on the Holy Land, 212.
Graunt, John, first analyses the bills of mortality, 34.
Greenland gradually sinking towards the sea level,

79.

Grey, Sir G., his collection of works in the lan-
guages of Polynesia and South Africa, 102; his
collection of Maori poetry, 185; marvellous pro-
gress of New Zealand under, 192; address of the
New Zealanders on his departure, ib.

Guilds and corporations, early, 269; apprenticeship
indispensable in, ib.; Shrewsbury cloth-frizers or
sheermen, 270; statute of apprentices, ib.
Gun-boats, their importance for defensive purposes,

sion, 156.

Н.

Hall, Basil, adventure of, 69.

Hallam, A. H., commemorated by Tennyson's 'In
Memoriam,' 252.

M.

Machinery, new, a cause of strikes, 276.
Mammalian animals, 85.

Maories, native inhabitants of New Zealand, 183.
Marquesas Islands, taken possession of by the
French, 108.

Maud, the Empress, Latin couplet over her grave,

121.

Ichthyosauri, 85.

I.

Invasion of England by France, 134; Prince de
Joinville's pamphlet on, 136; republican com-
mission on the French navy, ib.; activity of the
French naval yards, 137; Cherbourg, ib.; im-
mense works at Brest, L'Orient, Rochefort, and
other stations, ib.; organisation and instruction
of crews, ib.; iron-plated floating batteries, 159;
question of steam propulsion in attack or defence,
140; difficulty of blockading by a steam fleet, ib.;
retrospect of the threatened descent in 1804-5,
141; probable French plan of campaign, 142;
perfect state of the French military establish-
ments, 144; supposed cases of invasion at differ-
ent points, ib.; means of resistance, ib.; a dis-
ciplined army contrasted with an unorganised
mob, 145; possible consequences of an invasion,
146; iron-plated vessels destined to play an im-
portant part, 148; facility of manning the French
navy, 149; fortifications of Portsmouth, Ply-
mouth, and Chatham, 151; useless expenditure
at Dover and Alderney, 151, 152.
Islands of the Pacific, outrages of escaped convicts
in, 98; incredible number of coral islands, ib.;
volcanic character of, ib.; volcanic vestiges in
the island of Maui, 99; sublime scenery of Ha-
waii, ib.; ethnology of, 102; physical charac-
teristics of the inhabitants, ib.; decreasing popu-
lation of, 103; extension of commerce in, 104;
favourable geographical position of, 105; sove-
reignty of, refused by the English Government,
107; proceedings of the French in, 108.

Mecca, rebuilding of the temple at, 173.
Megalosauri, 85.

Minstrel Kings,' payments to, 48.

Monro, Rev. E., on the characters of the Old Testa-
ment, 206.

More, Sir Thomas, religious character of, 31.
Morton's 'Cyclopædia of Agriculture,' on weeding,

292.

Moses, character of, 215

Mountjoy, Lord, his generosity to Erasmus. 7.
Murchison, Sir R. I., 'Siluria' of, 93; his geological
labours, 94.

Music, old popular, 45; Anglo-Saxon, 46; Danish,
47; minstrelsy under the Norman kings, ib.;
popular ballads patronised by Henry VIII, 49;
musical taste culminates at the accession of Eli-
zabeth, ib.; stanzas from a popular song of the
seventeenth century, 50; burden in early Eng-
lish songs, 51; many Scotch tunes of English
origin, 57; political songs in the reign of Queen
Anne, 58; peculiarities of English ballad music,
classified by Mr. Chappell, ib.; character of his
work on, 59.

Musical instruments, various names of old, 52.

N.

Naval Peer, a, on the invasion of England, 146.
Nettle, rustic metrical maxims on the, 291.
New Caledonia, French colonization of, 110, its
dangerous proximity to Australia and New Zea-
land, 111.

New Zealand, remarkable fossils of, 87; masculine
character of its inhabitants, 183; their manners
and religion, ib.; trace of a Mosaic origin in
their mythology, 184; inferior in intellect to no
European race, ib.; specimen of their poetry;
185; fertility and beauty of the country, ib.,
cannibalism, ib.; diminution of the native popu-
lation, ib.; Church, Wesleyan, and Roman Ca-
tholic converts, 186; adoption of the habits of
civilised life, 187; agriculture and markets, ib.;
difficulty of purchasing land, 189; election of a
native king, ib.; method of cooking, 190; com-
plete cessation of cannibalism, ib.; population
the want of the country, ib.; inferior position of
women, 191; marriage of Europeans with native
girls, ib.; constitutional government, 193; diffe-
rences of climate and agriculture in the Seven
Provinces, 194, 195; farming, 196; products, ib.;
statistics of births and deaths, 197; salubrity,
197, 198; temperature and scenery, 198; con.
sidered as a field of emigration, 200.
Niebuhr, remarkable prophecy of, 161.
Nineveh, historical importance of the ruins of, 161.

0.

Old Testament, geography and Biography of, 203;
Jewish, the most remarkable of all geographies,
206; the history of the Jews begins in the valley
of the Jordan, ib.; Palestine an isolated land,
207; alternations and contrasts in Palestine, 208

journeys of Abraham, 209; region of Mount Si-
nai, 212; kingdom of the Amorites, 214; of Ba-
shan, ib.; curious deserted cities, ib.; character-
istics of the tribes, 216; journeyings of Joshua,
218; topography of the life of David, 220; sum-
mary of his character, 223; historical importance
of the plain of Esdraelon, 224; consequences of
the separation of Israel from Judah, 225; Elijah's
picturesque character, 226; Mount Carmel, 227;
French campaign in Palestine, 229; union of
biography with geography indispensable, ib.;
geographical evidences of Christianity, 230.
Onslow, Speaker, on Septennial Parliaments, 303.
Opera, first English, licensed by Cromwell, 56.
'Orchard-houses,' by T. Rivers, 295; glass-roofed
sheds, ib.; one to hold from twenty-five to thirty
trees, 296; superiority of fruit-houses over walls,
296, 297; influence on the flavour of fruit, 298;
expense of, ib.

'Order of Nature,' by Rev. B. Powell, condemned,

231.

Organic fossils, postulates respecting, 81; order of
existence of organic beings, ib.; fourteen geolo-
gical periods of life, 83; Cambrian period, ib.;
Lower Silurian, ib.; Upper Silurian, ib.; Devo-
nian, ib; Carboniferous, ib.; Perinian, 84; Tri-
assic, ib; Oolitic or Jurassic, ib.; Cretaceous,
85; Eocene, Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene,
86; modern or human, 87; list of museums, 85,
86; law of gradual approximation to existing
forms, 87; changes of the class cephalopoda in
successive geological periods, 88.

P.

Palmer, Julius, history of the martyrdom of, 129.
Parish registers, date from A.d. 1536.
Parker, Martin, the Cavalier rhymester, author of
'The King shall enjoy his own again,' 54.
Parliaments, annual, 302; triennial, ib. (and see Re-
form, Parliamentary.)

Part-singing, early proficiency of the English in,

51.

Partnership of workmen with masters, 285.
Peasant wars in Southern Germany, 26.

Petty, Sir William, his odd theories on population,

53.

Pitt, Mr., anecdote of an insurance on the life of, 41.
Poet, characteristics of a true, 264.
Polynesians, characteristics of the, 102.

Porter's Travellers' Handbook for Syria and Pales-
tine,' 205.

Powell, Rev. Baden, character of his Order of Na-
ture,' 231; repudiation of his view of miracles,
232; obscurity of his 'Spiritual Faith,' 233; his
inconsistency, 234, 236; fallacy of his reference
to the 'Spirit of the Age,' 236; naturalistic the-
ory, 237; his unfair quotations, 238; refutation
of his views, 239; his hardihood in denying
appeals to miracles, 241; sophisms relating to
evidences, 242; his principles attack even natu-
ral religion, 243; his arguments against the
reality of miracles, ib.; his total misconception
of the whole question, 246; easy task of the
skeptic, 248; antidote to such works, ib.
'Praise of Folly,' Erasmus', 12.
Price, Dr., his averages of mortality, 42.
Producta limestones, 84.

Purgatory, Society for Assurance against, 44.
'Pusey Horn,' legend engraved on the, 131.
Pye, the poet-laureate, 115.

R.

Reading, origin of the name, 120; historical recol-
lections of, ib.; tombs of Henry I. and the Em-

press Maud, 121; Castle of, ib.; Parliaments of,
ib.; charters and municipal history, 122; muni-
ficent bequests, of natives, ib.

Reform, Parliamentary, three bills for, 298; opi-
nions of Lords Althorp and Grey, 299; the consti-
tution prescriptive, not statutory, 301; to be
guided by experience, not experiment, ib.; prin-
ciples of constitutional, ib.; retrospect of Par-
liament's interfering with its own composition,
302; confirmation of the charter by Edward I.,
ib.; annual Parliaments of Edward II. and III.,
ib.; limit to the county franchise in 1429, ib.;
statute of Charles I. for triennial Parliaments,
ib.; Long Parliaments of Elizabeth and Charles
II., ib.; triennial bill of 1694, ib. ; Speaker Onslow's
opinion on the Septennial Act, 303; early statutes
for property qualification, ib.; statute of Anne
establishing property qualifications, ib.; repealed
in 1858, ib.; Mr. Disraeli's distinction of two classes
of reformers, ib.; places represented, 304 ; nature
and alteration of the franchise, 304, 305; constitu-
tional reform not demolition and reconstruc-
tion, 306; absurdity of apportioning members
by arithmetical calculation, 307; assumptions
leading to electoral districts and universal suf-
frage, 308; Mr. Bright's standard of population
absurd, ib.; tests to be applied to demands for
reform, 309; distribution of the inquiry into five
heads, ib.

Reformation, the great question of Christian liberty,
23.
Riflemen, volunteer, indispensable, 155; their effi-
ciency at New Orleans, ib.; half a million of,
desirable, ib.

Ritter's great services to physical and political geo-
graphy, 204.

Roberts, the Chartist Attorney-General, 279.
Robinson, Dr., his merit in fixing Biblical sites, 204.
'Rochdale Pioneers,' mill and machinery of the, 285.
Roman roads in Berkshire, 114.
Romance, two great systems of, 257.
Russin, geological map of, 94.

S.

St. Andrews, Archbishop of, natural son of King
James of Scotland, 11; killed at Flodden, ib.
Sandwich Islands, murders of Europeans in, 97;
extensive volcanic action in, 49; ancient cosmo-
gony of, ib.; languages of, their relation to other
dialects, 101.

Savonarola's ideal of Christianity, 1.
Schomberg, anecdote of the Duke of, 118.
Scripture elucidated by zoology and botany, 230.
Sedgwick's, Professor, services to geology, 92.

'Sermons in Stones,' 89,

Sheale, Richard, preserver of the chant of Chevy
Chase,' 48.

Siddons, Mrs., her fondness for Scotch ballads, 57.
Sinclair, Sir J., on weeding, 288.
Skelton, his proper poetic vein, 9.
Smith, Sidney, anecdote of, 68.
Solomon's Temple, architecture of, 162.
Sorby, Mr., on granite rocks, 80.
Spitalfields silk-weavers, legislative interference di-
minishes the number of, 271.

Stanley, Canon, on Sinai and Palestine, 205.
Strikes and combinations, 267; Edward VI.'s Act
forbidding confederacies to enhance wages, 270;
subsequent statutes, ib.; failure of legislation, ib.;
riots of Spitalfields silk-weavers, 271; repeal of
the Combination Laws, ib.; trades' unions, ib.;
their inefficacy in setting aside the law of supply
and demand, ib.; strikes tend to reduction of
wages, 272; impediments to combination of