The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship and the StateIn order to distinguish between those who may and may not enter or leave, states everywhere have developed extensive systems of identification, central to which is the passport. This innovative book argues that documents such as passports, internal passports and related mechanisms have been crucial in making distinctions between citizens and non-citizens. It examines how the concept of citizenship has been used to delineate rights and penalties regarding property, liberty, taxes and welfare. It focuses on the US and Western Europe, moving from revolutionary France to the Napoleonic era, the American Civil War, the British industrial revolution, pre-World War I Italy, the reign of Germany's Third Reich and beyond. This innovative study combines theory and empirical data in questioning how and why states have established the exclusive right to authorize and regulate the movement of people. |
Contents
Coming and Going On the State Monopolization of the Legitimate Means of Movement | 4 |
Monopolizing the legitimate means of movement | 6 |
penetrating or embracing? | 10 |
institutionalizing the nationstate | 14 |
The prevalence of passport controls in absolutist Europe | 18 |
Argus of the Patrie The Passport Question in the French Revolution | 21 |
The fight of the King and the Revolutionary renewal of passport control | 25 |
The Constitution of 1791 and the elimination of passport controls | 29 |
Passports and Chinese exclusion | 96 |
The nationalization of immigration restriction in the United States | 101 |
The Italian passport law of 1901 | 103 |
The spread of identification documents for foreigners in France | 105 |
The resurrection of passport controls in late nineteenthcentury Germany | 108 |
The First World War and the temporary reimposition of passport controls | 111 |
Temporary passport controls become permanent | 116 |
The United States and the end of the Laissez faire era in migration | 117 |
The debate over passport Controls of early 1792 | 32 |
A detailed examination of the new passport law | 36 |
Passports and freedom of movement under the Convention | 44 |
Passport Concerns of the Directory | 51 |
Sweeping Out Augeass Stable The NineteenthCentury Trend Toward Freedom of Movement | 57 |
From the Emancipation of the peasantry to the end of the Napoleonic era | 58 |
Prussian backwardness? A Comparative look at the situation in the United Kingdom | 66 |
Freedom of Movement and citizenship in early nineteenthcentury | 71 |
Toward the relaxation of passport controls in the German lands | 75 |
The decriminalization of travel in the North German | 81 |
Broader significance of the 1867 law | 88 |
Toward the Crustacean Type of Nation The Proliferation of Identification Documents From the Late Nineteenth Century to the First World War | 93 |
From National to Postnational? Passports and Constraints on Movement from the Interwar to the Postwar Era | 122 |
The emergence of the international refugee regime in the early interwar period | 124 |
Passports identity papers and the Nazi persecution of the Jews | 131 |
Passport controls and regional intergration in postwar Europe | 143 |
A Typology of Papers | 158 |
International passports | 159 |
Internal passport | 164 |
Identity cards | 165 |
Notes | 168 |
| 191 | |
| 203 | |
Other editions - View all
The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship, and the State John C. Torpey No preview available - 2000 |
Common terms and phrases
administrative adopted aliens ancien régime Assembly authorities bearer British Brubaker Bundestag bureaucratic certificate Chinese citizens citizenship Collection complète concerning constituted controls on movement debate decree département departure Despite documentary controls economic efforts embrace emigration entry Europe European exclusion foreigners France freedom of movement French French Revolution identification documents identity cards identity documents immigration increasingly individual internal passports Italian Jews Karl Polanyi Kingdom labor Le Coz leave Lefebvre legislation legitimate means liberal means of movement ment mercantilist migration modern Moniteur move municipal Nansen passport nation-state Nazis nineteenth century Noiriel North German Confederation officials passport controls passport law passport requirements passport restrictions period persons police political poor relief population proposed provision Prussian refugees regime registration regulate movement Reichsgesetzblatt Reichstag residence result revolution revolutionary social status subjects surveillance territory tion travel documents treaty United University Press visa workers World Württemberg Zolberg
Popular passages
Page 3 - not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given, and transmitted
References to this book
The Geographical Dimensions of Terrorism Susan L. Cutter,Douglas B. Richardson,Thomas J. Wilbanks No preview available - 2003 |
Rethinking Europe: Social Theory and the Implications of Europeanization Gerard Delanty,Chris Rumford No preview available - 2005 |